Table 2.

Background and Symptoms Among Groups

	Group 1, Low Insight/Mild Stigma (n = 23)	Group 2, High Insight/Minimal Stigma (n = 25)	Group 3, High Insight/F = Moderate Stigma (n = 27)	ANOVA	Group Comparisons, P < .05
Age	48.00 (7.65)	49.60 (6.40)	47.22 (7.04)	0.76	NS
Education	12.00 (1.47)	13.04 (2.25)	12.63 (2.23)	1.56	NS
Lifetime hospitalizations	10.35 (9.63)	7.84 (7.22)	9.33 (10.27)	0.19	NS
Age of first hospitalization	23.30 (5.44)	25.20 (7.03)	26.78 (10.89)	0.99	NS
Stigma score	2.19 (0.30)	1.80 (0.40)	2.75 (0.54)	5.93**	3 > 1 > 2
PANSS insight and judgment	4.83 (0.87)	2.40 (0.76)	2.81 (1.11)	40.08**	1 > 2, 3
PANSS positive	17.70 (5.01)	12.92 (4.31)	17.22 (6.25)	6.11*	2 < 1, 3
PANSS negative	19.22 (5.35)	14.80 (3.89)	18.15 (5.47)	5.28*	2 < 1, 3

Note: ANOVA, analysis of variance; PANSS, Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale; NS, not significant.

*P < .01; **P < .001.