The effect of 15-MPA and pinusolide on cytoplasmic condensation and nuclear fragmentation in STS-injured neuronal cells. (a) The images of Hoechst 33342 fluorescence were acquired under a confocal microscope (395 nm excitation and 420 nm barrier filter) with × 40 oil immersion objective. Cortical cells were pretreated for 1 h with 5 μM 15-MPA or pinusolide and were then exposed to 100 nM of STS for 18 h. (b) Quantification of data representing the shape and intensity of Hoechst 33342 fluorescence in each cell. Arrows indicate cytoplasmic condensation, apoptotic body and nuclear fragmentation. Cycloheximide, a protein synthesis inhibitor, was used as a positive control for STS-induced apoptosis. Mean value of the STS-treated cultures are significantly different (P<0.001) from the value of the control cultures. *P<0.05, **P<0.01, ***P<0.001 vs STS-treated cultures.