Table 3.
Demographics, clinical and laboratory parameters of DILI patients grouped according to pattern of CYP2C9 and CYP2C19 genotype
| Variables | Wild type for CYP2C9 (N=13) | Mutant for CYP2C9 (N=15) | Wild type for CYP2C19 (N=24) | Mutant for CYP2C19 (N=8) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mean age (range), years | 51 (17–76) | 54 (27–82) | 49 (27–70) | 43 (14–62) |
| Gender (male/female) | 6/7 | 5/10 | 10/14 | 4/4 |
| Clinical presentation, n (%) | ||||
| Jaundice, n (%) | 10 (76%) | 13 (87%) | 15 (63%) | 5 (62%) |
| Hypersensitivity features, n (%) | 0 | 3 (20%) | 2 (8%) | 2 (25%) |
| Type of damage | ||||
| Hepatocellular damage, n (%) | 9 (69%) | 9 (60%) | 15 (62%) | 6 (75%) |
| Cholestatic and mixed damage, n (%) | 4 (31%) | 6 (40%) | 10 (38%) | 2 (25%) |
| Laboratory parameters, mean value (range) | ||||
| Total bilirubin (μM) | 141.9 (5.1–465.1) | 75.3 (8.6–189.8) | 100.9 (5.1–658.4) | 83.8 (10.3–376.2) |
| ALT ( × ULN) | 21 (1.2–64) | 23 (1.5–102.5) | 18.3 (1.1–102.5) | 20.5 (3.8–63.8) |
| Alkaline phosphatase ( × ULN) | 1.7 (0.2–3.5) | 2.5 (0.5–11.1) | 1.5 (0.5–3.1) | 1.7 (0.2–3.7) |
Abbreviation: ALT, alanine transaminase; DILI, drug-induced liver injury.
The ALT and alkaline phosphatase values are those at presentation whereas bilirubin values are the peak values recorded. Values are expressed as multiples of the upper limit of the normal range (ULN). Hypersensitivity features refers to the presence of fever, rash, eosinophilia and/or positive titres of autoantibodies.