Table 1.
Human chemokines and their receptors
| CC chemokines | Source | Receptor | Responding cell type |
|---|---|---|---|
| CCL1 (I-309) | Mo, T, MC | CCR8 | Mo, T |
| CCL2 (MCP-1) | Mo, L, Fib, End, Epi, Neut, MC, DC | CCR2 | Mo, DC, T, Neut |
| CCL3 (MIP-1α) | Mo, L, Neut, Eos, Fib, MC | CCR1, CCR5 | Mo, DC, Eos, T, NK |
| CCL4 (MIP-1β) | Mo, L, Neut, Eos, Fib, MC, Bas, NK | CCR5 | Mo, DC, T |
| CCL5 (RANTES) | Mo, T, Fib, MC | CCR5, CCR1, CCR3 | Mo, Eos, T, MC, NK, DC |
| CCL7 (MCP-3) | Mo, MC, Fib, End, Epi | CCR1, CCR2, CCR5 | Mo, DC, Eos, T, MC, NK, |
| CCL8 (MCP-2) | Mo, Fib | CCR2, CCR3, CCR5 | Mo, DC, Eos, T, NK |
| CCL11 (Eotaxin) | Epi ,End, Eos, MC | CCR3, CCR5, CXCR3 | Eos, T, MC |
| CCL13 (MCP-4) | Epi, DC | CCR1, CCR2, CCR3 | Mo, Eos, T, MC, NK, |
| CCL14 (HCC-1) | BM, SMC, Gut, Spleen, Liver | CCR1, CCR5 | Mo, DC, Eos, T, NK, MC |
| CCL15 (HCC-2) | Mo, DC, L, NK | CCR1, CCR3 | T, Mo, Eos, MC |
| CCL16 (HCC-4) | Mo | CCR1, CCR2, CCR5 | T , Mo, Eos, MC |
| CCL17 (TARC) | Mo, DC, Epi, SMC, Fib | CCR4 | T, DC, NK |
| CCL18 (PARC) | Mo, DC | CCR3 | T, MC, Eos |
| CCL19 (MIP-3β) | Neut, LN, Spleen, Thymus, Gut, MC | CCR7 | T, fibrocytes, DC |
| CCL20 (MIP-3α) | Liver, Lung, Thymus, Placenta, Appendix, Epidermis, Mo, T, Neut, End | CCR6 | DC, T |
| CCL21 (SLC) | End, LN | CCR7 | DC, T, B, NK, Fibrocytes |
| CCL22 (MDC) | Mo, Epi, DC, B, T, NK | CCR4 | T, CD, NK |
| CCL23 (MPIF-1) | DC, Mo, Lung, Liver | CCR1 | Mo, DC, Eos, T, NK |
| CCL24 (Eotaxin-2) | Mo, T, Lung, Liver, Spleen, Thymus | CCR3 | Eos, T, MC |
| CCL25 (TECK) | DC, Epi, End, Gut | CCR9 | T |
| CCL26 (Eotaxin-3) | End, Heart, Ovary | CCR3, CCR2 | Eos, MC, T |
| CCL27 (CTACK) | Placenta, Skin | CCR10 | T |
| CCL28 (MEC) | Epi, End | CCR10 | T |
| CXC chemokines | |||
| CXCL1 (GRO-α) | Mo, Neut, End, Fib, MC | CXCR2 | Neut, Mo |
| CXCL2 (GRO-β) | Mo, Neut, End, Fib, MC | CXCR2 | Neut, Mo |
| CXCL3 (GRO-γ) | Mo, Neut, End, Fib | CXCR2 | Neut, Mo |
| CXCL4 (PF-4) | Platelets | CXCR3B | End |
| CXCL5 (ENA-78) | End, Eos, MC | CXCR2 | Neut, Mo |
| CXCL6 (GCP-2) | Mo, End, Fib | CXCR1, CXCR2 | Neut, Mo, T |
| CXCL7 (NAP-2) | End | CXCR2 | Neut, Mo |
| CXCL8 (IL-8) | Mo, T, Fib, Epi End, Neut, Bas, NK, MC | CXCR1, CXCR2 | Neut, Mo, T |
| CXCL9 (MIG) | Mo, Neut | CXCR3, CCR3 | T, MC |
| CXCL10 (IP-10) | Mo, Neut, Fib, End | CXCR3, CCR3 | T, MC |
| CXCL11 (ITAC) | Mo, Neut | CXCR3,CXCR7, CCR3 | T, MC |
| CXCL12 (SDF-1) | End, Epi | CXCR4, CXCR7 | T, Mo, MC, NK, Eos, DC |
| CXCL13 (BLC) | Mo, End, DC | CXCR5 | T, B |
| CXCL14 (BRAK) | Mo, Fib, B | Not known | |
| CXCL16 (SR-PSOX) | Mo, DC, B | CXCR6 | T, NK |
| C chemokines | |||
| XCL1 (Lymphotactin) | T, NK, MC | XCR1 | T, NK |
| XCL2 (SMC-1β) | T, NK | XCR1 | T, NK |
| CXC chemokine | |||
| CX3CL1 (Fractalkine) | DC, End, T | CXC3CR1 | Mo, Neut, NK, T |
Bold indicates antagonistic binding of a chemokine receptor.
Abbreviations: B, B cell; Bas, basophil; DC, dendritic cell; End, endothelial cell; Epi: epithelial cell; Eos, eosinophil; Fib, fibroblast; LN, lymph node; L, lymphocyte; MC, mast cell; Mo, monocyte/macrophage; Neut, neutrophil; NK, natural killer cell; T, T cell.