Figure 2.
Effect of (a) cyanidin, (b) delphinidin, (c) malvidin and (d) peonidin (all belonging to the anthocyanin class) on PDGFAB-induced release of VEGF into conditioned medium of VSMCs. VSMCs were exposed to either solvent (0.1% DMSO) or an anthocyanin compound for 30 min before the addition of PDGFAB for 24 h. Thereafter, the amount of VEGF protein in conditioned medium was determined by immunoassay. The chemical structure of each anthocyanin tested is also shown. Results are shown as mean±s.e.m. of three different experiments performed in triplicate. *versus PDGFAB treatment alone, #versus PDGFAB treatment alone.