Table 1.
Differences between the treatments (mean, 95% CI) 5 h after their administration.
| Test | Placebo vs Haloperidol | Placebo vs Clozapine | Haloperidol vs Clozapine |
|---|---|---|---|
| Pupil diameter (mm) | −0.68 (−1.23, −0.14)* | −3.02 (−3.56, −2.47)* | −2.34 (−1.79, −2.88)* |
| Salivation (g) | 0.01 (0.28, −0.25) | −0.34 (−0.60, −0.08)* | −0.33 (−0.06, −0.59)* |
| Serum prolactin (mU l−1) | 301.3 (196.7, 405.8)* | −67.4 (−172.0, 37.1) | −368.7 (−264.1, −473.2)* |
| Heart rate (beats min−1) | 0.8 (−7.1, 8.6) | 14.3 (6.5, 22.2)* | 13.6 (21.4, 5.7)* |
| Systolic BP (mmHg) | −8.7 (−17.0, −0.4) | −10.3 (−18.6, −2.1) | −1.7 (6.6, −9.9) |
| Diastolic BP (mmHg) | −6.2 (0.0, 12.4) | −7.9 (−14.1, −1.7) | −1.8 (4.4, −7.9) |
| MAP (mmHg) | −7.0 (−12.6, −1.4)* | −8.7 (−14.3, −3.1)* | −1.7 (3.9, −7.3) |
| CFFF (Hz) | −1.15 (−1.83, −0.47)* | −3.26 (−3.94, −2.58)* | −2.10 (−1.42, −2.79)* |
| ‘Alertness’ (mm) | −4.91 (−13.19, 3.35) | −20.94 (−29.21, −12.67)* | −16.03 (−7.76, −24.29)* |
| ‘Contentedness’ (mm) | −1.17 (−6.09, 3.75) | −12.98 (−17.90, −8.06)* | −11.81 (−6.90, −16.73)* |
| ‘Anxiety’ (mm) | −5.78 (−11.75, 0.19) | −3.28 (−9.25, 2.69) | 2.50 (8.50, −3.47) |
Note that the basis of reference is placebo for columns 1 and 2, and haloperidol for column 3. MAP=mean arterial pressure, CFFF=critical flicker fusion frequency.
*
Significant difference (anova, followed by LSD test), P < 0.05.