Table 4.
Pharmacokinetic parameters of morphine glucuronides.
| Morphine | Morphine + PSC | Ratio | 95% confidence interval | P value * | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Morphine-6-glucuronide | |||||
| tmax (h) | 2.3 ± 0.5 | 2.3 ± 0.2 | n.a. | n.a. | NS |
| Cmax (ng ml−1) | 16.1 ± 3.4 | 16.1 ± 3.4 | 98.1 | 89.6–107.5 | NS |
| AUC(0,last) (ng ml−1 h) | 75.1 ± 17.9 | 72.5 ± 18.8 | 94.9 | 86.7–103.9 | NS |
| t1/2 (h) | 3.5 ± 1.0 | 3.7 ± 1.5 | 0.19(1) | −0.79–1.16 | NS |
| AUC(0,∞) (ng ml−1h) | 89.5 ± 21.3 | 87.0 ± 20.8 | 97.4 | 88.4–107.4 | NS |
| Morphine-3-glucuronide | |||||
| tmax (h) | 2.2 ± 0.3 | 2.3 ± 0.4 | n.a. | n.a. | NS |
| Cmax (ng ml−1) | 99.8 ± 32.3 | 108.0 ± 25.1 | 108.3 | 100.5–116.7 | 0.039 |
| AUC(0,last) (ng ml−1h) | 569 ± 154 | 624 ± 126 | 111.8 | 104.6–119.5 | 0.0026 |
| t1/2 (h) | 5.0 ± 1.4 | 4.8 ± 2.1 | −0.14 (1) | −0.89–0.60 | NS |
| AUC(0,∞) (ng ml−1 h) | 700 ± 194 | 743 ± 162 | 107.2 | 100.7–114.1 | 0.045 |
n = 18; data are given as mean ± s.d.
*
difference in hours; n.a. = not applicable.