Table 2.
Number, rates and rate ratios of common events during the first 6 months of exposure to lansoprazole or pantoprazole compared with omeprazole (reference).
| Number with event | Rate per 1000 days of exposure | Rate difference (95% confidence limits) | Crude rate ratio (95% confidence limits) | Adjusted rate ratio † (95% confidence limits) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Diarrhoea | |||||
| Omeprazole | 253 | 0.18 | 0 | 1 | 1 |
| Lansoprazole | 534 | 0.39 | 0.21 (0.17, 0.25) | 2.12 (1.82, 2.47)*** | 2.11 (1.78, 2.51)*** |
| Pantoprazole | 196 | 0.23 | 0.05 (0.01, 0.09) | 1.23 (1.01, 1.50) | 1.26 (1.02, 1.55) |
| Pain abdomen | |||||
| Omeprazole | 240 | 0.17 | 0 | 1 | 1 |
| Lansoprazole | 291 | 0.21 | 0.04 (0.01, 0.07) | 1.22 (1.02, 1.46) | 1.15 (0.95, 1.39) |
| Pantoprazole | 144 | 0.17 | 0 (−0.03, 0.03) | 0.98 (0.79, 1.20) | 0.94 (0.75, 1.17) |
| Nausea/vomiting | |||||
| Omeprazole | 223 | 0.16 | 0 | 1 | 1 |
| Lansoprazole | 304 | 0.22 | 0.06 (0.03, 0.09) | 1.33 (1.12, 1.59)** | 1.33 (1.10, 1.61)* |
| Pantoprazole | 153 | 0.18 | 0.02 (−0.02, 0.06) | 1.08 (0.87, 1.34) | 1.12 (0.90, 1.41) |
| Headache | |||||
| Omeprazole | 147 | 0.10 | 0 | 1 | 1 |
| Lansoprazole | 238 | 0.17 | 0.07 (0.04, 0.10) | 1.63 (1.32, 2.01)*** | 1.58 (1.26, 1.99)*** |
| Pantoprazole | 127 | 0.15 | 0.05 (0.02, 0.08) | 1.37 (1.07, 1.74) | 1.48 (1.14, 1.93)* |
| Pain joint | |||||
| Omeprazole | 119 | 0.08 | 0 | 1 | 1 |
| Lansoprazole | 154 | 0.11 | 0.03 (0.01, 0.05) | 1.35 (1.06, 1.71) | 1.40 (1.08, 1.82) |
| Pantoprazole | 87 | 0.10 | 0.02 (−0.01, 0.05) | 1.22 (0.93, 1.62) | 1.36 (1.01, 1.83) |
| Pain Chest | |||||
| Omeprazole | 97 | 0.07 | 0 | 1 | 1 |
| Lansoprazole | 104 | 0.08 | 0.01 (−0.01, 0.03) | 1.09 (0.82, 1.44) | 1.11 (0.81, 1.52) |
| Pantoprazole | 65 | 0.08 | 0.01 (−0.01, 0.03) | 1.10 (0.81, 1.51) | 1.14 (0.81, 1.60) |
| Ischaemic heart disease | |||||
| Omeprazole | 97 | 0.07 | 0 | 1 | 1 |
| Lansoprazole | 90 | 0.07 | 0 (−0.02, 0.02) | 0.96 (0.71, 1.30) | 1.04 (0.75, 1.44) |
| Pantoprazole | 51 | 0.06 | −0.01 (−0.03, 0.01) | 0.89 (0.63, 1.26) | 0.99 (0.68, 1.45) |
| Malaise | |||||
| Omeprazole | 95 | 0.07 | 0 | 1 | 1 |
| Lansoprazole | 143 | 0.10 | 0.03 (0.01, 0.05) | 1.50 (1.16, 1.93)* | 1.46 (1.11, 1.92)* |
| Pantoprazole | 57 | 0.07 | 0 (−0.02, 0.02) | 0.95 (0.68, 1.33) | 0.93 (0.65, 1.33) |
| Depression | |||||
| Omeprazole | 93 | 0.06 | 0 | 1 | 1 |
| Lansoprazole | 128 | 0.09 | 0.03 (0.01, 0.05) | 1.62 (1.23, 2.12)** | 1.64 (1.24, 2.19)** |
| Pantoprazole | 78 | 0.08 | 0.02 (0.00, 0.04) | 1.42 (1.04, 1.93) | 1.39 (1.01, 1.92) |
| Myalgia | |||||
| Omeprazole | 24 | 0.02 | 0 | 1 | 1 |
| Lansoprazole | 48 | 0.04 | 0.02 (0.01, 0.03) | 2.04 (1.26, 3.29)* | 2.31 (1.36, 3.90)* |
| Pantoprazole | 32 | 0.04 | 0.02 (0.01, 0.03) | 2.20 (1.30, 3.73)* | 2.62 (1.52, 4.50)*** |
All models stratified by gender and with standard errors adjusted for possible clustering effects by general practice surgery.
†
Adjusted for age, season of starting drug, and indication.
*
P < 0.01
**
P < 0.001
***
P < 0.0001.