Figure 1.

Identification of σ-associated proteins. Cells of E. coli W3110 containing pGEXD (lane GSTσ⁷⁰), pGEXN (lane GSTσ⁵⁴), pGEXS (lane GSTσ³⁸), pGEXF (lane GSTσ²⁸), or pGEXM (lane GST FlgM) were grown in LB medium at 37°C into stationary phase (3–4 h after the cessation of cell growth). Cell lysates were prepared as described under Materials and Methods. GST fusion protein complexes were isolated and separated by SDS/PAGE on a 5–15% gradient gel. The gel was stained with Coomassie brilliant blue. The migration positions of core enzyme subunits, DnaK, GST (without Rsd), and FlgM are indicated on the right. The arrow in the GSTσ⁷⁰ lane indicates Rsd.