Figure 2. .

(a) After end-to-side portocaval anastomoses, individual hepatic veins are ligated, exposing the major hepatic veins in a dry field without portal hypertension. (b) During the anhepatic phase, the three major hepatic veins are cross-clamped with a vascular clamp. Normal venous return to the heart is maintained because the lumen of the vena cava is only partially occluded and the portocaval anastomosis is still patent. (Reprinted with permission from Liver Transplantation).