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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2007 Oct 15.
Published in final edited form as: J Biomech. 2007 Mar 13;40(12):2628–2635. doi: 10.1016/j.jbiomech.2006.12.017

Table 2.

Fifteen separate trials were used to identify the passive moment-angle relationships. Shown are the approximate joint angles, joint excursions, and the muscles that were stretched. Positive angles represent hip flexion, knee flexion, and ankle dorsiflexion. Negative angles represent hip extension and ankle plantarflexion.

Trial Hip Flexion (deg) Knee Flexion (deg) Ankle Dorsiflexion (deg) Muscles Stretched
1 −15–0 0–60 ~ −20 RF, HF
2 −15–0 0–10 ~ −20 RF, HF
3 −15–0 0–135 ~ −20 RF, HF
4 0 0–135 ~ −20 RF, HF
5 0–30 0–35 ~ −20 HAM, HE
6 0–30 0–135 ~ −20 RF, HF, HE
7 0–60 0–35 ~ −20 HAM, HE
8 0–60 0–135 ~ −20 RF, HF, HE
9 0–85 0–35 ~ −20 HAM, HE
10 0–85 0–135 ~ −20 HAM, RF, HE
11 ~ 15 0 −20–20 GAS, PF
12 ~ 15 0–60 −20–20 GAS, PF
13 ~ 15 0–135 −20–20 GAS, PF
14 −15–0 0–25 ~ −20 HF
15 0–100 0–25 ~ −20 HE

Abbreviations: rectus femoris (RF), hamstrings (HAM), gastrocnemius (GAS), uni-articular ankle plantarflexors (PF), hip extensors (HE), hip flexors (HF), knee extensors (KE), and knee flexors (KF)