TABLE 1.
Characteristics of the 435 HR-HPV positive women according to presence of CIN 2 or 3 or CIN 1, ASCUS or normal cervical cytology
| Risk factors | CIN 2 or 3 n (%) or median | CIN 1, ASCUS or normal cervical cytology n (%) or median | p* |
|---|---|---|---|
| Total | 80 (18.4) | 355 (81.6) | |
| African American | 36 (45.0) | 229 (64.5) | 0.001 |
| Median age at enrollment | 21.5 | 23.0 | 0.09 |
| Less than high school education | 32 (40.0) | 109 (30.7) | 0.11 |
| Ever smoked | 43 (53.8) | 133 (37.5) | 0.01 |
| Nulliparous | 20 (25.0) | 73 (20.6) | 0.50 |
| Ever used hormone contraceptives | 63 (78.8) | 258 (72.7) | 0.26 |
| Ever used barrier contraception | 56 (70.0) | 267 (75.2) | 0.34 |
| Ever had a sexually transmitted disease | 36 (45.0) | 166 (47.7) | 0.66 |
| Ever treated for an abnormal pap smear | 14 (18.0) | 63 (18.0) | 0.98 |
| Median number of lifetime sexual partners | 4.0 | 5.0 | 0.90 |
| Median age at first intercourse | 16.0 | 16.0 | 0.23 |
| Used vitamin supplements | 30 (37.5) | 102 (28.7) | 0.12 |
| Median micronutrient concentrations | |||
| Plasma folate (ng/ml) | 9.1 | 9.0 | 0.42 |
| Plasma B12 (pg/ml) | 452.6 | 464.7 | 0.87 |
| Vitamin C (mg%) | 0.8 | 0.9 | 0.15 |
| Vitamin A (μg%) | 39.0 | 37.0 | 0.36 |
| Vitamin E (mg%) | 0.7 | 0.7 | 0.90 |
| Total carotene (μg%) | 65.0 | 68.0 | 0.74 |
| Riboflavin status (EGRAC) | 1.4 | 1.4 | 0.90 |
| Study arm | |||
| Immediate colposcopy | 29 (36.25) | 128 (36.06) | |
| HPV triage | 29 (36.25) | 90 (25.35) | |
| Conservative management | 22 (27.50) | 137 (38.59) | 0.08 |
*
Two-sided p for Kruskal-Wallis test when comparing medians and 2-sided p for χ2 when comparing proportions. Statistically significant at α = 0.05.