Table 1.
Summary of research commissioned to evaluate the impact of the Scottish Smoking ban [14].
| Study | Aim, Design & Data Collection |
| Changes in Child Exposure to Environmental Tobacco Smoke (CHETS) |
Aim: To determine change in childhood exposure to ETS, including exposure in the home. Design: Repeat cross-sectional survey of probability sample of Scottish Primary 7 children (11 yrs). Sample size: 2,500 children pre and 2,500 post ban Data collection: Baseline Jan-Feb 06; follow-up Jan-Feb 07. Self-complete questionnaire on smoking status and self-reported exposure; saliva sample (for cotinine assay). |
| Health Education Population Study (HEPS) |
Aim: To determine change in adult exposure (non-smokers) to ETS in the home and public places and changes in tobacco consumption (smokers). Design: Repeat cross-sectional in-home survey of probability sample of Scottish adults (16–74 yrs). Sample size: 1,800 adults pre and 1,800 post ban Data collection: Baseline Sept-Oct 05/Feb-Mar 06; follow-up Sept-Oct 06/Feb-Mar 07. Interviewer-administered questionnaire on smoking status, self-reported exposure and attitudes towards smoking and legislation; saliva sample (for cotinine assay). |
| STudy Of Public place Intervention on Tobacco exposure (STOPIT) |
Aim: To determine change in the incidence of acute coronary syndrome Design: Multi-centre prospective study of hospital admissions for acute coronary syndrome. Entry criteria: chest pain + raised troponin on admission/within 12 hours. Sample size: ACS cases from 9 centre, representing half Scottish ACS admissions (circa 2,700 per annum) Data collection: Continuous May 05-Apr 07. Research nurse-administered questionnaire on smoking status and self-reported exposure; admission blood sample (for cotinine assay). |
| Bar-workers' Health and Environmental Tobacco Smoke Exposure (BHETSE) * |
Aim: To determine change in respiratory health of bar workers Design: Prospective cohort study of bar workers from five urban and rural areas in Scotland. Sample size: 371 bar workers recruited at baseline and followed up; direct measurement of air quality in 41 bars. Data collection: Baseline Jan-Feb 06; follow-up Jun-Jul 06 and Jan-Feb 07. Interviewer-administered questionnaire on smoking status, self-reported exposure and attitudes towards smoking and legislation; lung function (FEV1, FVC); saliva sample (for cotinine assay). Air sampling for PM2.5 in selected premises. |
| Qualitative Bar Study * |
Aim: To determine changes in attitudes and behaviour in relation to smoking, smoking restrictions and the cultural contexts in which smoking and drinking take place. Design: Qualitative pre- and post- study of bars and their customers in three communities. Data collection: In-depth and paired interviews, direct observation. |
| Qualitative Community Study * |
Aim: To determine impact of legislation on attitudes, behaviours and experiences of individuals, families and communities. Design: Qualitative pre- and post- study of four contrasting communities. Nested case study approach. Data collection: Baseline Sept 05-Mar 06, follow-up Apr-Dec 06. In-depth interviews, focus groups, direct observation of enclosed and outdoor spaces. |
| International Tobacco Control (ITC) Ireland/UK Scotland Extension |
Aim: To determine changes in smokers and non-smokers attitudinal and behavioural response to smoke-free laws Design: Quasi-experimental prospective cohort telephone survey of probability samples of smoking and non-smoking adults in Scotland, the rest of the UK and Ireland Sample size: 500 smokers and 300 non-smokers at baseline. Data collection: Baseline: Feb-Mar 06; Follow-up Feb-Mar 07. Telephone survey on smoking status; quit attempts in smokers; attitudes towards and compliance with legislation; social norms about smoking, smoking behaviour in public and private venues |
* Study includes covert observational research