Effects of nafadotride, a preferential D3-receptor antagonist on levodopa-induced rotations. Contralateral rotations were measured in animals challenged with levodopa (50 mg/kg i.p.), alone or in combination with nafadotride at indicated doses on three occasions: the first, 4 weeks after the lesion (pre l-DOPA treatment); the second and third, after subsequent treatments with 10 or 20 levodopa (l-DOPA) injections (50 mg/kg i.p., twice daily). Means ± SEM of values from 4–6 animals. ∗, P < 0.05; ∗∗, P < 0.01 nafadotride vs. saline-treated animals; §, P < 0.05; §§, P < 0.01 in levodopa-treated vs. untreated animals by the Mann–Whitney U test.