Table 4.
Seizure outcomes by drug
| Events/total | Year 1 | Year 2 | Year 3 | Year 4 | Year 5 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Time to 12-month remission—intention to treat | ||||||
| Number at risk | 180/232 | |||||
| Valproate | 221 | 54 | 28 | 15 | 4 | |
| Lamotrigine | 168/231 | 222 | 74 | 43 | 25 | 8 |
| Topiramate | 178/230 | 219 | 59 | 32 | 14 | 2 |
| Percentage 12-month remission (95% CI) | ||||||
| Valproate | 43 (37 to 50) | 69 (63 to 76) | 81 (75 to 87) | 87 (81 to 92) | 92 (87 to 98) | |
| Difference in percentage of 12-month remission compared with valproate (95% CI) | ||||||
| Lamotrigine | −11 (−20 to −2) | −7 (−16 to 2) | −7 (−15 to 1) | −8 (−16 to 0) | −9 (−17 to 0) | |
| Topiramate | −4 (−13 to 5) | 0 (−9 to 9) | −1 (−9 to 7) | 0 (−8 to 7) | 0 (−8 to 9) | |
| Time to 12-month remission—per protocol | ||||||
| Number at risk | ||||||
| Valproate | 129/226 | 161 | 25 | 6 | 4 | 1 |
| Lamotrigine | 105/227 | 151 | 34 | 12 | 4 | 1 |
| Topiramate | 104/224 | 127 | 16 | 8 | 3 | 1 |
| Percentage 12-month remission (95% CI) | ||||||
| Valproate | 36 (29 to 42) | 55 (48 to 62) | 63 (57 to 70) | 64 (57 to 71) | 66 (59 to 74) | |
| Difference in percentage of 12-month remission compared with valproate (95% CI) | ||||||
| Lamotrigine | −10 (−19 to −1) | −9 (−19 to 0) | −12 (−22 to −2) | −11 (−21 to −1) | −13 (−24 to −3) | |
| Topiramate | −4 (−13 to 5) | −7 (−17 to 2) | −14 (−23 to −4) | −13 (−23 to −3) | −15 (−25 to −5) | |
| Time to 24 month-remission—intention to treat | ||||||
| Number at risk | ||||||
| Valproate | 124/232 | 187 | 61 | 31 | 11 | 1 |
| Lamotrigine | 102/231 | 185 | 80 | 42 | 16 | 1 |
| Topiramate | 108/230 | 183 | 71 | 34 | 10 | 3 |
| Percentage of 24-month remission (95% CI) | ||||||
| Valproate | 39 (32 to 46) | 60 (53 to 67) | 69 (62 to 76) | 71 (63 to 79) | 86 (65 to 106) | |
| Difference in percentage of 24-month remission compared with valproate (95% CI) | ||||||
| Lamotrigine | −16 (−25 to −6) | −13 (−23 to −2) | −13 (−24 to −3) | −11 (−22 to 1) | 3 (−24 to 30) | |
| Topiramate | −8 (−18 to 1) | −8 (−19 to 2) | −8 (−18 to 3) | −1 (−13 to 11) | −15 (−37 to 7) | |
| Time to first seizure—intention to treat | ||||||
| Number at risk | ||||||
| Valproate | 152/232 | 96 | 71 | 43 | 23 | 9 |
| Lamotrigine | 181/231 | 72 | 43 | 23 | 13 | 5 |
| Topiramate | 163/230 | 86 | 55 | 35 | 22 | 14 |
| Percentage still on drug (95% CI) | ||||||
| Valproate | 57 (50 to 63) | 62 (56 to 69) | 66 (59 to 72) | 70 (63 to 77) | 70 (63 to 77) | |
| Difference in percentage still on drug compared with valproate (95% CI) | ||||||
| Lamotrigine | 11 (3 to 20) | 13 (5 to 22) | 14 (6 to 23) | 12 (3 to 21) | 12 (3 to 21) | |
| Topiramate | 4 (−5 to 13) | 7 (−2 to 16) | 5 (−4 to 14) | 4 (−5 to 13) | 4 (−5 to 13) | |