Table 2.
Protein | Localization | Function | Knockout mouse model | Diseases | Reference |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Calnexin | ER transmembrane
Cell surface |
Chaperone, glycoprotein folding | Postnatal death and motor disorders | Alzheimer’s disease | [46,57,93] |
Calreticulin | ER lumen
Cytosol Cell surface |
Chaperone, glycoprotein folding, Ca2+-binding | Embryonic lethality at E14.5 due to defective embryonic cardiac development | Cardiac hypertrophy
Alzheimer’s disease Autoimmune diseases |
[36,91,131,133,134] |
EDEM | ER lumen | Chaperone, recognition and targeting of unfolded glycoprotein for degradation | N.D. | N.D. | [30] |
ERp72 | ER lumen | Thio-oxidoreductase to catalyze disulfide bond formation | N.D. | N.D. | [135] |
Herp | ER transmembrane | Ubiquitin-like protein involved in ERAD | N.D. | Atherosclerosis
Alzheimer’s disease |
[109,136,137] |
P58IPK | Cytosol
ER membrane |
Co-chaperone, negative regulator of eIF2α kinase PERK and PKR, cotranslocational degradation | Development of diabetes associated with increased β-cell death | Diabetes (mouse) | [22,23,25,118,119] |
UGGT | ER lumen | Glucosyltransferase, recognition of misfolded glycoprotein and reglucosylation of N-glycan | Embryonic lethality at E13 | N.D. | [37] |