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. 2007 Oct 17;104(43):16763–16768. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0611702104

Table 1.

Growth per capita, by opportunity category and decade

Decade Overall
Coastal
Landlocked
Resource-rich
43 SSA 56 Other Difference 43 SSA 56 Other Difference 43 SSA 56 Other Difference 43 SSA 56 Other Difference
1960s 1.04 2.29 1.25 1.36 2.25 0.89 0.16 0.74 0.58 2.08 3.85 1.77
1970s 0.86 3.23 2.37 1.32 3.18 1.86 −0.31 1.26 1.57 1.42 3.89 2.47
1980s −0.79 4.32 5.11 −0.85 4.68 5.53 0.14 1.56 1.42 −1.67 1.50 3.17
1990–2000 −0.46 4.46 4.91 0.27 4.74 4.47 −1.30 1.91 3.21 −0.42 2.47 2.89
Total 0.13 3.63 3.50 0.50 3.79 3.29 −0.36 1.40 1.76 0.29 2.89 2.60

The sample includes all developing countries with full availability of data. Growth rates are population-weighted. The annual growth rates are population-weighted. Note that the country composition of the group averages changes as the group composition evolves. SSA, Sub-Saharan Africa.