Table 2.

Proportions of Users of Types of Inhalants Meeting DSM-IV Inhalant Use-related Criteria and Diagnoses for Alternative Groupings of Inhalants

	Combined	Non-nitrites	DSM	Aerosols	Gases	Nitrites	Solvents
A: Role failure	7.4%	7.5%	8.9%	10.7%	4.9%	5.3%	6.8%
A: Hazardous use	29.0	28.1	24.8	20.0	21.1	26.3	20.3
A: Law problems	1.9	1.3	0.0	0.0	1.4	0.0	0.0
A: Social problems	8.6	8.1	8.9	8.0	3.5	5.3	8.5
Abuse-only Diagnosis	27.9	26.9	23.8	25.3	16.9	26.3	17.0
Any Abuse Diagnosis	34.6	33.8	31.7	29.3	23.2	26.3	27.1
D: Tolerance	10.5	10.0	6.9	4.0	6.3	5.3	6.8
D: Withdrawal	11.1	10.0	8.9	6.7	8.5	5.3	11.9
D: More than planned	30.3	29.4	23.8	16.0	21.1	15.8	22.0
D: Failure to control	6.8	6.3	5.0	5.3	3.5	5.3	3.4
D: Requires much time	15.4	15.0	7.9	5.3	13.4	0.0	8.5
D: Activities reduced	1.9	1.9	2.0	0.0	1.4	0.0	3.4
D: Physical or psychological problem	58.6	57.5	41.6	40.0	51.4	42.1	33.9
Dependence Diagnosis	12.4	11.9	10.9	8.0	7.8	0.0	10.2
Physiological Dependence	19.8	18.1	13.9	10.7	14.1	10.5	15.3
Number of Users	162	160	101	75	142	19	59

Note: Except for the row of Number of Users, cell entries are proportions of users at Time 1 (indicated in the bottom row) with the criterion or diagnosis. Any Abuse Diagnosis refers to the proportion of participants that qualified for abuse diagnosis regardless of whether they qualified for dependence. “DSM” consists of a combined category matching DSM-IV defined inhalant disorders (i.e., criteria related to use of aerosols or solvents). “A” indicates a DSM-IV abuse criterion. “D” indicates a DSM-IV dependence criterion. “Non-nitrites” includes DSM-IV criteria related to use of either aerosols, gases, or solvents based on their chemical and pharmacological similarities (Balster, 1998).