Figure 4.

Revise the z-axis coordinate of material point, given the x,y coordinates. Locate the tag points from the same long-axis tag surface and heart contour as those of the material point (●). Fit their z coordinates with a smooth, periodic cubic spline as a function of the angle about their common centroid. Evaluate the spline at the angle of the previous x,y coordinate estimates (theta) with respect to the centroid to get the new z value.