FIG. 5.

DV inhibits TNF-α-stimulated translocation of NF-κB proteins into the nucleus in Huh7 cells. Cells were mock infected with heat-inactivated virus or infected with DV and treated with TNF-α for 30 min or not treated. Cells were fixed and stained with DV-positive patient serum (red Alexa Fluor 546) and p65 NF-κB (green Alexa Fluor 488) and visualized by confocal microscopy. White arrows, nuclear NF-κB; white lollipops, cytoplasmic NF-κB. Panels 1 and 2, mock-infected Huh7 cells not treated or treated with TNF-α, respectively; panels a to c, DV-infected Huh7 cells. More than 95% of Huh7 cells were DV positive by comparison with uninfected controls stained for DV antigens or DV-infected Huh7 cells stained with a control DV-negative human serum (data not shown).