FIG. 3.

Recruitment of c-Myc to the HIV-1 LTR region. (A) Binding of c-Myc, HDAC1, acetylated H4, and RNA polymerase II to the Nuc-1 region of the HIV-1 LTR in HeLa-CAT-CD4 cells. VPA exposure resulted in significantly decreased occupancy of HDAC1 and c-Myc, increased occupancy of RNA polymerase II and acetylated histone H4 at the Nuc-1 region, and an increase in only RNA polymerase II detection downstream (DS) of the initiation region. Amplified products were quantitated by real-time PCR. The relative binding of indicated proteins to the HIV-1 LTR region was measured after normalization with that of input DNA and IgG. (B) Binding of c-Myc and HDAC1 to HIV-1 LTR in latently HIV-1-infected J89 lymphocytic cells. VPA exposure again resulted in significantly decreased occupancy of HDAC1, c-Myc, acetylated histone H4, and RNA polymerase II near Nuc-1 and little change at the downstream site. Amplified products were quantitated by real-time PCR. The relative binding of indicated proteins to the HIV-1 LTR region was measured after normalization with that of input DNA and IgG. Assays were performed in triplicate (or more), and the significance of changes was tested by a two-sided t test. P values are <0.05 for all changes of at least twofold and <0.01 for all changes of at least threefold.