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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2008 Oct 1.
Published in final edited form as: Health Policy. 2007 Feb 20;83(2-3):196–212. doi: 10.1016/j.healthpol.2007.01.009

Table 1.

Urban profile of study sites

Study site urban characteristics† Study site
Kisumu, Kenya Malindi, Kenya Abu Seir, Egypt Matar Imbaba, Egypt Herzliya, Israel Puntarenas, Costa Rica St. Augustine, Trinidad
Urban classification* Major city Town Peri-urban extension town‡ Peri-urban extension town‡ Town Minor city Town
Description of major urban activity Trade city Tourist town Commercial/ residential town Commercial/ residential town Commercial/ residential town Port city University town
Population (people) 600,000 80,591 498,110 40,946 86,000 43,000 15,000
HH number in study site 110,000 19,461 115,017 9,705 28,000 12,000 5,000
HH size (people/house) 5 4 4 4 3 4 3
Study site size ( km2) 32 36 ND ND 26 48 246
Population density (people/km2) 6,375 2,239 ND ND 3,308 896 61
HH with electricity (%) 25.0 50.0 99.7 98.5 100 99.0 100.0
HH with sewers (%) 15.0 10.0 98.4 94.6 100 80.0 100.0
HH with piped water (%) 30.0 20.0 85.3 95.4 100 99.0 100.0
Roads paved (%) 40.0 25.0 70 ND 100 60.0 99.0
Adult literacy rate (%) 35.0 81.0 ND ND 97.0 90.3 85.0
Population below poverty line (%) 42.0 26.5 ND ND ND ND 30.0

HH=households, ND = no available data

†

Demographic information are presented as estimates provided by Ministry of Health offers.

*

Urban classification was based on major economic activities, population, and definition of urban provided by municipal officers.

‡

Peri-urban extension town refers to small surrounding towns outside the main urban center of Cairo and Aswan.