Table 3.
SAFs*, hospital diagnoses and acute care hospital days attributable to smoking for major disease categories in Canada, 2002
| Disease condition (for definition by ICD 10 see Table 1) | Number of diagnoses | Hospital days | ||||||||||
| SAF in % (all ages) | mean age at diagnosis | Smoking-attributable diagnoses | SAF in % (all ages) | Smoking-attributable hospital days | ||||||||
| M | F | M | F | M | F | Overall | M | F | M | F | Overall | |
| ACTIVE SMOKERS | ||||||||||||
| Malignant neoplasms | ||||||||||||
| Oropharyngeal cancer | 58.7 | 51.3 | 59.6 | 60.1 | 2,128 | 1,116 | 3,244 | 34.8 | 30.2 | 13,302 | 6,125 | 19,427 |
| Oesophageal cancer | 48.8 | 40.0 | 66.4 | 68.8 | 1,338 | 387 | 1,725 | 29.4 | 23.6 | 9,453 | 3,140 | 12,593 |
| Stomach Cancer | 16.4 | 12.5 | 67.0 | 66.1 | 546 | 233 | 780 | 9.8 | 7.4 | 4,308 | 2,068 | 6,376 |
| Pancreatic cancer | 17.7 | 13.4 | 65.6 | 67.5 | 623 | 478 | 1,101 | 10.4 | 8.0 | 4,189 | 3,831 | 8,021 |
| Laryngeal cancer | 67.7 | 60.8 | 65.8 | 64.2 | 950 | 236 | 1,187 | 40.4 | 35.6 | 7,637 | 1,815 | 9,452 |
| Lung cancer | 88.6 | 63.8 | 68.6 | 66.2 | 18,488 | 10,441 | 28,929 | 53.4 | 37.9 | 124,082 | 75,280 | 199,362 |
| Cervical cancer | -- | 36.4 | -- | 48.5 | -- | 1,381 | 1,381 | -- | 21.4 | -- | 4,807 | 4,807 |
| Urinary tract | 55.6 | 38.3 | 68.7 | 68.2 | 8,336 | 2,392 | 10,728 | 33.2 | 22.6 | 38,017 | 13,149 | 51,165 |
| Renal cell carcinoma | 26.0 | 7.5 | 63.7 | 62.0 | 993 | 176 | 1,169 | 15.7 | 4.2 | 5,996 | 1,116 | 7,112 |
| Bladder cancer | 67.7 | 52.4 | 72.5 | 72.6 | 7,336 | 1,832 | 9,169 | 40.9 | 31.3 | 29,288 | 8,604 | 37,892 |
| Acute myeloid leukemia | 21.9 | 17.7 | 59.2 | 56.4 | 465 | 310 | 775 | 12.8 | 10.7 | 4,461 | 3,316 | 7,777 |
| Total malignant neoplasms | 32,875 | 16,974 | 49,849 | 205,449 | 113,530 | 318,979 | ||||||
| Tobacco abuse | ||||||||||||
| Tobacco abuse | 100.0 | 100.0 | 55.6 | 52.9 | 4,042 | 3,481 | 7,522 | 100.0 | 100.0 | 18,204 | 15,776 | 33,979 |
| Toxic effect of tobacco and nicotine | 100.0 | 100.0 | 29.5 | 37.0 | 7 | 7 | 14 | 100.0 | 100.0 | 9 | 30 | 39 |
| Total tobacco abuse | 4,049 | 3,488 | 7,536 | 18,213 | 15,805 | 34,018 | ||||||
| Cardiovascular diseases | ||||||||||||
| Ischaemic heart disease | ||||||||||||
| Age < 45 yrs | 51.4 | 44.3 | 36.6 | 36.3 | 6,534 | 1,758 | 8,293 | 30.4 | 26.5 | 20,044 | 6,548 | 26,593 |
| 45–59 yrs | 42.2 | 37.3 | 52.0 | 52.0 | 32,360 | 8,979 | 41,339 | 25.2 | 22.3 | 119,120 | 36,466 | 155,586 |
| 60–69 yrs | 29.1 | 23.4 | 64.5 | 64.5 | 22,681 | 8,294 | 30,975 | 17.4 | 14.0 | 103,449 | 42,245 | 145,694 |
| 70–79 yrs | 10.0 | 7.3 | 74.5 | 74.5 | 9,346 | 4,518 | 13,865 | 6.0 | 4.3 | 52,164 | 26,986 | 79,150 |
| 80+ yrs | 8.9 | 5.1 | 87.0 | 87.0 | 4,891 | 3,340 | 8,232 | 5.3 | 3.1 | 32,243 | 24,358 | 56,601 |
| Pulmonary circulatory disease | 81.0 | 76.4 | 65.2 | 65.8 | 9,251 | 10,601 | 19,852 | 47.9 | 44.9 | 81,952 | 90,735 | 172,687 |
| Cardiac arrythmias | ||||||||||||
| Age < 45 yrs | 43.6 | 37.5 | 33.6 | 32.9 | 2,025 | 1,323 | 3,348 | 24.7 | 20.5 | 9,158 | 5,577 | 14,735 |
| 45–59 yrs | 42.2 | 37.3 | 52.0 | 52.0 | 5,483 | 2,348 | 7,832 | 25.2 | 22.2 | 29,911 | 12,656 | 42,568 |
| 60–69 yrs | 29.1 | 23.4 | 64.5 | 64.5 | 5,782 | 2,650 | 8,432 | 17.3 | 13.9 | 35,626 | 16,305 | 51,931 |
| 70–79 yrs | 10.0 | 7.3 | 74.5 | 74.5 | 3,493 | 2,069 | 5,562 | 6.0 | 4.3 | 24,437 | 14,648 | 39,084 |
| 80+ yrs | 8.9 | 5.1 | 87.0 | 87.0 | 2,439 | 2,011 | 4,450 | 5.3 | 3.1 | 19,254 | 16,975 | 36,228 |
| Heart failure | ||||||||||||
| Age < 45 yrs | 41.0 | 31.7 | 34.1 | 34.2 | 1,005 | 631 | 1,635 | 23.5 | 18.0 | 6,764 | 4,771 | 11,535 |
| 45–59 yrs | 42.2 | 37.3 | 52.0 | 52.0 | 3,841 | 1,904 | 5,745 | 25.2 | 22.3 | 24,850 | 13,435 | 38,285 |
| 60–69 yrs | 29.1 | 23.4 | 64.5 | 64.5 | 4,553 | 2,517 | 7,070 | 17.4 | 14.0 | 31,466 | 18,134 | 49,600 |
| 70–79 yrs | 10.0 | 7.3 | 74.5 | 74.5 | 3,008 | 1,911 | 4,918 | 6.0 | 4.3 | 22,437 | 15,173 | 37,610 |
| 80+ yrs | 8.9 | 5.1 | 87.0 | 87.0 | 2,748 | 2,319 | 5,066 | 5.3 | 3.1 | 22,183 | 20,520 | 42,703 |
| Cerebrovascular diseases | ||||||||||||
| Age < 65 yrs | 39.1 | 35.4 | 52.8 | 50.5 | 5,033 | 3,449 | 8,482 | 23.5 | 21.3 | 45,470 | 32,326 | 77,796 |
| > = 65 yrs | 14.7 | 10.5 | 76.9 | 78.4 | 5,535 | 4,113 | 9,647 | 8.8 | 6.2 | 58,485 | 48,105 | 106,589 |
| Atherosclerosis | 33.5 | 36.9 | 68.9 | 69.4 | 14,036 | 9,896 | 23,933 | 19.8 | 21.7 | 109,603 | 80,842 | 190,445 |
| Total cardiovascular diseases | 62.2 | 65.2 | 144,044 | 74,631 | 218,675 | 848,617 | 526,806 | 1,375,423 | ||||
| Respiratory diseases | ||||||||||||
| Pneumonia & Influenza | 17.3 | 12.8 | 69.4 | 68.3 | 13,246 | 8,648 | 21,894 | 11.5 | 8.3 | 118,770 | 74,914 | 193,684 |
| Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease | 82.6 | 76.9 | 67.0 | 66.8 | 5,268 | 4,463 | 9,731 | 49.3 | 45.5 | 32,022 | 27,608 | 59,630 |
| Total respiratory diseases | 68.7 | 67.8 | 18,514 | 13,111 | 31,625 | 150,793 | 102,522 | 253,315 | ||||
| Intestinal diseases | ||||||||||||
| Ulcer | 47.7 | 38.4 | 65.4 | 68.3 | 6,237 | 4,026 | 10,263 | 28.8 | 22.6 | 45,416 | 31,551 | 76,967 |
| Perinatal period | ||||||||||||
| Low birthweight and short gestation | 24.7 | 20.6 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 6,770 | 5,057 | 11,827 | 14.8 | 12.3 | 59,906 | 42,580 | 102,485 |
| Sudden infant death syndrome | 31.2 | 26.5 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 2 | 1 | 3 | 19.6 | 16.7 | 2 | 0 | 2 |
| Total perinatal diseases | 0.0 | 0.0 | 6,772 | 5,059 | 11,832 | 59,907 | 42,580 | 102,487 | ||||
| Injury | ||||||||||||
| Fire injury | 24.6 | 23.4 | 44.9 | 53.9 | 244 | 101 | 346 | 24.6 | 24.6 | 1,529 | 737 | 2,266 |
| Total active smokers | 61.6 | 62.3 | 212,735 | 117,390 | 330,126 | 1,329,923 | 833,531 | 2,163,455 | ||||
| PASSIVE SMOKERS | ||||||||||||
| Lung cancer | 1.6 | 1.4 | 66.5 | 65.2 | 330 | 231 | 561 | 0.9 | 0.8 | 2,163 | 1,643 | 3,806 |
| Ischaemic heart disease | 1.8 | 1.5 | 64.7 | 70.5 | 5,725 | 2,768 | 8,493 | 1.0 | 0.8 | 27,073 | 15,821 | 42,894 |
| Total passive smokers | 64.8 | 70.1 | 6,056 | 2,999 | 9,054 | 29,235 | 17,465 | 46,700 | ||||
| TOTAL SMOKING-ATTRIBUTABLE | 61.9 | 62.8 | 218,791 | 120,389 | 339,179 | 1,359,159 | 850,996 | 2,210,155 | ||||
* The SAF (smoking attributable fraction) is the fraction of the disease in the population that would not have occurred if the effect associated with smoking was absent. It is calculated by means of a formula that combines prevalence of smoking and relative risk of a particular disease. The SAF is then applied to the total number of occurrences of disease to estimate the number of occurrences that are attributable to smoking.