Fig. 3.

The advantage of asymmetry decreases for damage-survival curves that are concave down. (A) Six different damage-survival curves of the form 1 − c · d/d₀ – (1 – c) (d/d₀)⁴ are investigated; c is varied from 0 to 1 in increments of 0.2 (d₀ = 10). (B) For each of the six curves from C, fitness is calculated as a function of the asymmetry of damage distribution (k = 5). For c = 0.4 fitness is largely independent of the level of asymmetry. To calculate the fitness of a phenotype with a given asymmetry under a defined damage-cost curve, we used the simulation model to determine the average fitness of monomorphic populations (see Experimental procedures).