Table 8.

Group 3 Statistically Significant Carpal Bone Motion Changes With Sequential Ligament Sectioning During Wrist Flexion/Extension

Carpal Motion	Statistical Comparison of Ligament Sectioning	Portion of Motion Affected	Maximum Angular Difference, °
Scaphoid flexion-extension
	I ≠ C2	During wrist flexion	11.9
	I ≠ C3	During wrist flexion	12.8
	I ≠ C4	During wrist flexion	12.3
	C1 ≠ C2	During wrist flexion	12.0
	C1 ≠ C3	During wrist flexion	12.8
	C1 ≠ C4	During wrist flexion	12.3
Scaphoid radial-ulnar deviation
	I ≠ C2	During wrist flexion	8.9
	I ≠ C3	During wrist flexion	10.1
	I ≠ C4	During wrist flexion and some extension	11.0
	C1 ≠ C2	During wrist flexion	8.9
	C1 ≠ C3	During wrist flexion	10.1
	C1 ≠ C4	During wrist flexion and some extension	11.0
Lunate flexion-extension
	I ≠ C2	During wrist flexion	11.3
	I ≠ C3	During wrist flexion	12.7
	I ≠ C4	During entire wrist motion	15.9
	C1 ≠ C2	During wrist flexion	11.1
	C1 ≠ C3	During wrist flexion	12.5
	C1 ≠ C4	During entire wrist motion	15.6
	C2 ≠ C4	During some of wrist extension	5.6
Lunate radial-ulnar deviation
	I ≠ C2	During maximum flexion	<2
		During all of wrist motion except maximum extension
	I ≠ C3		4.9
	I ≠ C4	During entire wrist motion	5.6
	C1 ≠ C2	During maximum flexion	2.2
		During all of wrist motion except maximum extension
	C1 ≠ C3		5.1
	C1 ≠ C4	During entire wrist motion	5.8
	C3 ≠ C2	During wrist flexion	3.2
	C4 ≠ C2	During all wrist motion except neutral	3.9
	C4 ≠ C3	During wrist extension	<2

I, intact specimen; C1, DIC ligament cut; C2, DIC and SLIL ligaments cut; C3, DIC, SLIL, and DRC cut; C4, DIC, SLIL, and DRC ligaments cut plus 1,000 cycles of motion; ≠, statistically different from each other.