Table 9.

Group 3 Statistically Significant Carpal Bone Motion Changes With Sequential Ligament Sectioning During Wrist Radial/Ulnar Deviation

Carpal Motion	Statistical Comparison of Ligament Sectioning	Portion of Motion Affected	Maximum Angular Difference, °
Scaphoid flexion-extension
	I ≠ C2	During entire wrist motion	10.1
	I ≠ C3	During entire wrist motion	9.5
	I ≠ C4	During entire wrist motion	13.7
	C1 ≠ C2	During entire wrist motion	9.5
	C1 ≠ C3	During entire wrist motion	9.0
	C1 ≠ C4	During entire wrist motion	13.2
Scaphoid radial-ulnar deviation
	I ≠ C2	During wrist ulnar deviation	5.5
	I ≠ C3	During wrist ulnar deviation	5.7
	I ≠ C4	During wrist ulnar deviation	8.2
	C1 ≠ C2	During wrist ulnar deviation	6.0
	C1 ≠ C3	During wrist ulnar deviation	6.3
	C1 ≠ C4	During entire wrist motion	8.8
Lunate flexion-extension
	I ≠ C3	During wrist radial deviation	9.4
	I ≠ C4	During entire wrist motion	12.7
	C1 ≠ C3	During wrist radial deviation	9.4
	C1 ≠ C4	During entire wrist motion	12.6
	C2 ≠ C4	During wrist ulnar deviation	7.2
Lunate radial-ulnar deviation
	I ≠ C2	During wrist ulnar deviation	<2
		During wrist ulnar deviation and some radial deviation
	I ≠ C3		<2
	I ≠ C4	During entire wrist motion	2.3
	C1 ≠ C2	During wrist ulnar deviation	<2
		During wrist ulnar deviation and some radial deviation
	C1 ≠ C3		<2
	C1 ≠ C4	During entire wrist motion	2.2
	C2 ≠ C4	During wrist radial deviation	<2

I, intact specimen; C1, DIC ligament cut; C2, DIC and SLIL ligaments cut; C3, DIC, SLIL, and DRC cut; C4, DIC, SLIL, and DRC ligaments cut plus 1,000 cycles of motion; ≠, statistically different from each other.