Table 1.

A summary of rod and cone TCSFs and two-pulse summation studies.

Study	Receptor Type	Method	Adaptation Levela	Spatial Extent	Surround	Retinal Locus	Pulse Duration
Hess & Nordby, 1986	Rod	TCSF	0.003–130 ST	10×15° (0.3 cpd grating)	N/A	4–5°
Nygaard & Frumkes, 1985	Rod	TCSF	0.025–0.4 ST	2°	No	7°
Smith, 1973	Rod	TCSF	0.005–50 ST	7° (0.3 cpd grating)	N/A	7°
van den Berg & Spekreijse, 1977	Rod	TCSF	0.13 ST	5°	No	10°
de Lange, 1958	Cone	TCSF	4.3–430 PT	2°	Yes	Fovea
Keesey, 1970	Cone	TCSF	26–260 PT	1°	Yes	Fovea
Kelly, 1959	Cone	TCSF	1000 PT	2°	Yes	Fovea
Roufs, 1972	Cone	TCSF	2–525 PT	1°	No	Fovea
Swanson et al 1987	Cone	TCSF	0.9–900 PT	2°	No	Fovea
van der Gon/van der Tweel, 1961	Cone	TCSF	2–200 PT	0.37°	No	Fovea
van Nes et al, 1967	Cone	TCSF	0.85–850 PT	0.64 cpd grating	N/A	Fovea
Burr & Morrone, 1993	Cone	2 Pulse	163 PT	6.25° (1 cpd grating)	N/A	Fovea	8 ms
Herrick, 1972	Cone	2 Pulse	5.0–210 PT	1.1°	No	Fovea	5 ms
Ikeda, 1965	Cone	2 Pulse	61.2 & 328 PT	0.5°	Yes	Fovea	12.5ms
Meijer et al, 1978	Cone	2 Pulse	120 PT	1.6°	No	3.5°	10 ms
Roufs, 1973	Cone	2 Pulse	1–120 PT	1°	No	Fovea	2–3 ms
Shinomori & Werner, 2003	Cone	2 Pulse	49 PT	2.26° (Gaussian patch)	N/A	Fovea	1.2 ms
Uchikawa & Yoshizawa, 1993	Cone	2 Pulse	10 PT	1.5°	No	Fovea	10 ms
Uetsuki & Ikeda, 1970	Cone	2 Pulse	1–300 PT	0.5°	Yes	Fovea	10 ms

^aST: Scotopic Td PT: Photopic Td