TABLE 2.
Depressive symptoms in ADHD youths with and without major depressive disorder
| Symptoms on MFQ | MDD/ADHD N=18 |
Non-MDD/ADHD N=93 |
OR |
|---|---|---|---|
| Freq (%) | Freq (%) | ||
| A. Mood/anhedonia symptoms |
|||
| 1. Felt miserable/unhappy | 100.0 | 79.6 | 17.0 |
| 2. Didn't enjoy anything | 88.9 | 39.8 | 11.8** |
| 11. Grumpy/cross with parent | 100.0 | 84.8 | 15.0 |
| 20. Didn't want to see friends | 66.7 | 32.3 | 4.3* |
| 29. Had no fun at school | 94.4 | 58.7 | 10.8* |
| 34. Wasn't happy, even if praised | 70.6 | 31.5 | 4.0** |
| B. Depressive cognition symptoms |
|||
| 8. Felt no good anymore | 88.9 | 41.9 | 12.6** |
| 9. Blamed self | 72.2 | 44.1 | 3.3* |
| 15. Felt nothing good in the future | 83.3 | 34.4 | 7.3** |
| 16. Thought life not worth living | 72.2 | 22.6 | 8.6*** |
| 17. Thought about death/dying | 61.1 | 29.0 | 5.0** |
| 18. Felt family better off without | 72.2 | 30.1 | 4.6** |
| 19. Thought about killing self | 61.1 | 15.1 | 8.1*** |
| 22. Thought bad things would happen | 83.3 | 38.7 | 8.0** |
| 23. Hated self | 72.2 | 34.4 | 5.4** |
| 24. Felt was a bad person | 83.3 | 38.7 | 8.4** |
| 25. Thought looked ugly | 55.6 | 30.1 | 3.1* |
| 28. Felt unloved | 94.4 | 43.0 | 22.4** |
| 30. Could never be as good as others | 88.9 | 55.9 | 7.6* |
| 31. Felt did everything wrong | 77.8 | 49.5 | 4.0* |
| C. Physical/vegetative symptoms |
|||
| 3. Was less hungry | 61.1 | 52.7 | 1.3 |
| 4. Ate more | 61.1 | 55.9 | 1.3 |
| 5. Felt so tired that he/she did nothing | 72.2 | 49.5 | 2.3 |
| 6. Was moving/walking slowly | 66.7 | 26.9 | 4.9** |
| 7. Was very restless | 88.9 | 75.3 | 2.4 |
| 10. Hard to make up her/his mind | 94.4 | 81.7 | 3.1 |
| 12. Felt like talking less | 83.3 | 49.5 | 3.9* |
| 13. Was talking more slowly | 66.7 | 18.3 | 12.3*** |
| 21. Hard to think/concentrate | 94.4 | 86.0 | 3.1 |
| 32. Didn't sleep as well | 72.2 | 57.0 | 1.6 |
| 33. Slept more | 55.6 | 40.9 | 1.9 |
Note: MDD/ADHD = Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) subjects with major depressive disorder (MDD); Non-MDD/ADHD = Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder subjects without major depressive disorder; OR = odds ratios of logistic regressions; freq = frequencies. Significance levels of ORs are as follows: * ≤ .05; ** ≤ .01; *** ≤ 0.001.