Bub3+/−/Rae1+/− MEFs have higher levels of SA molecular markers. (A) Western blot analysis of proteins in extracts from wild-type, Bub3+/−, Rae1+/−, and Bub3+/−/Rae1+/− MEFs at P3, P5, and P7. Blots were probed with antibodies against the indicated proteins. Note that the induction of senescence markers is delayed in Rae1+/− MEFs; this delay was consistently seen in three independent Rae1+/− MEF lines. (B) Western blots of protein extracts from P5 wild-type, Bub3+/−/Rae1+/−, and BubR1H/H MEFs probed with the indicated antibodies. The results shown in A and B are representative for three independently generated MEF lines of each genotype. (C–H) Analysis of the fidelity of distinct DNA damage repair pathways by measuring cell survival and colony formation ability after exposing early passage MEFs to various kinds of DNA-damaging agents. (C–E) Survival curves of wild-type and Bub3+/−/Rae1+/− MEFs after DNA damage by γ-irradiation (C), UV type B (D), or paraquat (E). (F–H) Colony-forming assay of wild-type and Bub3+/−/Rae1+/− MEFs after DNA damage by γ-irradiation (F), UV type B (G), or paraquat (H). Error bars represent SD.