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. 2006 May 22;173(4):587–589. doi: 10.1083/jcb.200509075

Figure 7.

Figure 7.

Rac activation regulates adhesion turnover. (a) CHO-K1 cells coexpressing S273D-paxillin-GFP and a PIX mutant, which lacks nucleotide exchange activity (PIX-LL) showed large adhesions (arrows) that disassembled slowly (Table III). Bar, 5 μm. (b, top) CHO-K1 cells coexpressing dominant-negative (N17-Rac) and S273D-paxillin-GFP show large and stable adhesions (arrows) that disassemble slowly (Table IV). (bottom) CHO-K1 cells coexpressing CA- (V12-Rac) and WT-paxillin-GFP exhibit numerous small but stable adhesions (Table IV) at the cell periphery (arrows). Bar, 5 μm. (c) CHO-K1 cells coexpressing the Rac GEF Tiam1 and WT-paxillin-GFP show numerous small paxillin-containing adhesions (arrows) that disassemble very rapidly (Table IV). Bar, 5 μm. (d) S273-paxillin phosphorylation increases Rac activation. Rac activity from CHO-K1 lysates coexpressing FLAG-WT-Rac and paxillin-GFP mutants was measured using a GST-PBD pull-down assay. CHO-K1 lysates coexpressing FLAG-V12-Rac and WT-paxillin-GFP served as a positive control. (top) Active Rac in GST-PBD bead pellets was detected by immunoblotting using an anti-FLAG antibody. (bottom) Equal protein aliquots of lysates served as loading controls. Rac activation increased eightfold with S273D-paxillin when compared with S273A-paxillin and 1.5-fold compared with WT-paxillin.