Figure 5.

HMGA2 regulates expression of key regulators of EMT. (A) Quantitative RT-PCR analysis of Snail and Twist expression in parental or HMGA2 clones stimulated (gray bars) or not (white bars) with 5 ng/ml TGF-β for 36 h. (B) Luciferase reporter assays of Snail and Twist promoter constructs in HepG2 cells transfected with mock (−) or HA-hHMGA2 (+) vector and treated with 5 ng/ml TGF-β for 24 h. (C) Quantitative RT-PCR analysis of Slug expression under conditions as in A. (D) Quantitative RT-PCR analysis of Snail expression in NMuMG cells transfected with control (siLuc) or Hmga2 (siHmga2) siRNA and treated with vehicle (white bars) or 5 ng/ml TGF-β (gray bars) for 12 h. Asterisks indicate statistically significant gene expression or promoter activity differences compared with the ground condition (P < 0.05). Expression pattern of Id2 using RT-PCR (E) or protein (F) analysis in mock and HMGA2 clones induced with 10 μM CdCl₂ 24 h before stimulation with 5 ng/ml TGF-β for 36 h. Molecular mass markers are in bp (E) and kD (F). (G) Diagram of the role of HMGA2 in TGF-β–induced EMT.