The molluscum contagiosum virus is the most common pox virus causing human disease. Though molluscum contagiosum is benign in immunocompetent people it may cause psychological or social stress. A case series and literature review have been reported from Melbourne (Anna Braue and colleagues. Pediatric Dermatology 2005;22:287–94).
Between 1 September 2003 and 23 January 2004 30 children with molluscum contagiosum attended the paediatric dermatology outpatient clinic. Seventeen were boys. Ten were aged 1–3 years, six aged 4–6 years, and 14 aged 7–10 years. Eighteen children had a history of eczema. Lesions usually first appeared on the legs and at the time of attendance 19 children had lesions on the lower limbs, 15 on the upper limbs, and 10 on the abdomen. Twenty‐three parents were moderately or greatly concerned about the condition but the children tended to be less concerned. Parental concern focused on the physical aspects of the condition and symptoms rather than factors such as absence from work or school, sleep disturbance, or effects on interpersonal relationships.
The incidence of molluscum contagiosum is variable, with incidence rates of up to 17% reported in children. Prevalence has also varied; a prevalence of 22% among children under 10 years was reported from New Guinea. In an Australian study seroprevalence rose from 3% at 6 months to 2 years of age to 20% at 3–9 years and 39% at over 50 years. The condition occurs at younger ages (2–5 years) in developing countries than in developed countries (5–12 years). Transmission of molluscum contagiosum is associated with swimming pools. Spread within families is common, direct skin‐to‐skin contact may transmit the infection, and fomites such as towels and sponges have been implicated. The incubation period is unknown but is probably between 2 and 6 weeks.
Molluscum contagiosum is common and benign. It is more common in hot countries, and among economically deprived communities with overcrowding. Its association with swimming pools is well known.