Table 9.

Neuro-spinal and nerve-root evoked potentials (ns/nrEP)

Stimulation	Electrode	Stimulus	ISI	Intensity	Duration	Rate of repetition
Nerve	Bipolar surface or needle	Repeated single stimuli	–	10–50 mA	0.2 ms	5.9/s

Recording	Bipolar spinal electrode	Potential	Filters	Sensitivity	Sweep	Averaging
Spinal cord, cauda equina	Epidural or subarachnoidal	SSEP (rostral of epiconus) CNAP (caudal of conus medullaris)	0.05–3 kHz	5 µV	10 ms/D	100–1,000