FIG. 3.

Influences of metabolic manipulations on the production of Ala-Gln, amino acids, and cell growth. Each strain was cultivated in a test tube with TT medium for 24 h. The amounts of Ala-Gln (a), Ala (b, empty bars), and Gln (b, filled bars) that accumulated in the medium (extracellularly) and of cell growth (c) were measured. Ala-Ala was not detected in the medium. The relevant genotype of the strain is indicated at the bottom. +, overexpression of Lal or Ald; +*, Lal expression under the control of the uspA promoter; ▵, disruption of the gene(s). The strains employed were JM101 (column 1), JKYQ1 (column 2), JKYQ1/pPE86 (column 3), JKYPQ1 (column 4), JKYPQ1/pPE56 (column 5), JKYPQ1/pPE86 (column 6), JKYPQ2/pPE86 (column 7), JKYPQ2/pPE167 (column 8), and JKYPQ3/pPE167 (column 9). While each value is the mean of at least three experiments, standard deviations are not shown, since each measurement was within 10% of the mean value.