Figure 5. Hormonal response to hypoglycaemic and hyperglycaemic clamps.

Except for noradrenaline level during the hyperglycaemic clamp, there was no difference between the placebo and antioxidant treatments and the responses for the two treatments are shown averaged together. For noradrenaline, there was no effect of the clamp time period, but the values following vitamin treatment were significantly (P < 0.01) higher than for placebo (see Results). Statistical testing (see Methods): *significantly different from Pre-Clamp value; +significantly different from Post-Clamp value; #significantly different from Start-Clamp value.