Fig. 3.

Epifluorescence micrographs of nonculturable V. cholerae O1 in MW-4C microcosms. Samples were pretreated with 0.025% yeast extract and 0.002% nalidixic acid, stained by using cholera DFA (New Horizon Diagnostics), visualized under an epifluorescence microscope (Olympus, model BX51) (1, 4, 17). Images were captured digitally (Olympus DP 20) and processed by using Photoshop Version 5. (A and B) Elongation of V. cholerae O1 in a biofilm that had been incubated for 450 days after initial inoculation. (C and D) Elongation of coccoid V. cholerae O1 cells in a biofilm 495 days after inoculation into MW-4C.