Table 1 Characteristics of the study group according to conventional risk factors, homocysteine levels, genotype distribution and allele frequencies.
| Characteristics | Patients, n = 174 | Controls, n = 155 | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| n (%) | n (%) | Crude OR | 95% CI | |
| Sex (male) | 89 (51.1) | 83 (53.5) | 1.01 | 0.71 to 1.70 |
| Current smokers | 85 (48.9) | 40 (25.8) | 2.78 | 1.74 to 4.43 |
| Hypertension | 30 (17.2) | 10 (6.5) | 3.02 | 1.42 to 6.41 |
| Diabetes mellitus | 6 (3.5) | 5 (3.2) | 1.07 | 0.32 to 3.58 |
| Hypercholesterolaemia | 48 (27.6) | 30 (19.3) | 1.59 | 0.94 to 2.67 |
| Hyperhomocysteinaemia* | 76 (47.2) | 36 (26.9) | 2.34 | 1.49 to 3.98 |
| C677T MTHFR genotype distribution | ||||
| CC | 51 (29.3) | 60 (38.7) | 1 | |
| CT | 86 (49.4) | 73 (47.1) | 1.39 | 0.85 to 2.25 |
| TT | 37 (21.3) | 22 (14.2) | 1.98 | 1.04 to 3.78 |
| C677T MTHFR allele frequency | ||||
| C | 188 (54.0) | 193 (62.3) | 1 | |
| T | 160 (46.0) | 117 (37.7) | 1.40 | 1.03 to 1.92 |
| Mean (SD) | Mean (SD) | Crude mean difference | 95% CI | |
| Age (years) | 35.0 (7.5) | 34.7 (5.9) | +0.43 | −1.04 to +1.90 |
| Homocysteine (log μmol/l)* | 2.48 (0.5) | 2.28 (0.4) | +0.20 | +0.08 to +0.31 |
| Vitamin B12 (pmol/l)* | 395.3 (123.5) | 393.4 (115.8) | +1.88 | −25.7 to +29.5 |
| Folate (nmol/l)* | 6.47 (2.9) | 6.61 (2.2) | −0.14 | −0.74 to +0.45 |
MTHFR, methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase gene.
*In 161 patients and 134 controls.