| Taiwan, children (Lee, 2004)51
|
Case–control |
Asthma |
GSTP1: Val105Ile; Ala114Val (11q13) |
District levels of Nox and SO2 |
61/95 |
Ile105Ile:
Moderate pollution: OR = 4.14 (1.17–16.54)
High pollution: OR = 5.52 (1.64–21.25)
Ala114Val: 100% of subjects
Dose‐response relationship |
| Mexico, asthmatic children (David, 2003)26
|
Case–parent triad design (case–control) |
Asthma |
NQO1 Pro187Ser (16q22)
GSTM1 null (−) (1p13,3) |
Ozone (high exposure in Mexico city) |
218 cases |
GTSM1(−)+ NQ01Ser/−: RR = 0.4 (0.2–0.8) |
| Mexico, asthmatic children (Romieu, 2003)83
|
Case‐case design |
Asthma |
GSTM1 null (−) (1p13,3) |
Ozone (high exposure in Mexico city) and supplementation with antioxidants |
158 cases |
GTSM1(−) ozone related decrements in FEF25‐75: −2.5% (−5.2 to −0.6. p = 0.01). not found in GSTM(+): −0.6(−2.1 to 0.9)
Antioxidant effect stronger in GTSM1(−) ozone |
| South Korea, adults living around citrus farms (Cho, 2000)78
|
Case–control |
CRM asthma |
HLA‐DRB1: 07;04 (6p21,3) |
Citrus red mite |
91/98 |
DRB1*04:OR = 0.36 (0.31–0.42)
DRB1*07:OR = 5.01 (3.65–6.87) |
| Spain, asthmatics (Soriano, 1997)79
|
Case–control |
Asthma
Atopy
BHR |
HLAII‐DR: 1 to 10
HLAII‐DQ: 2 to 6
(6p21,3) |
Soybean dust |
78/67/168 |
DRB1*13:OR = 3.22 (1.38–7.50) |
| USA, volunteers (Guilliland, 2004)27
|
Crossover |
Nasal allergic response
IgE levels
Histamine levels
IL4 levels
IFNγ levels |
GSTM1: null (−)(1p13,3)
GSTP1: Val105Ile (11q13)
GSTT1: null (−)(22q11,2) |
Ragweed allergen
Diesel exhaust particles |
19 non‐smoking subjects, with positive skin test to short ragweed and allergic rhinitis |
GSTM1(−): increase IgE (p = 0.03) and histamine (p = 0.02) levels after diesel plus allergen exposure
GSTP1(Ile105): increase IgE (p = 0.03) and histamine (p = 0.01) levels after diesel plus allergen exposure |
| Germany, general population (ECRHS) (Werner, 2003)57
|
Case–control |
Asthma |
TLR4: D299G;T399I (9q32–q33) |
Endotoxin (measurements in house dust) |
55/279 |
OR for G299/I399 = 0.67 (0.06–8.06) 2°tertile and 1.33 (0.17–10.58) 3°tertile
OR for D299/T399(wt) = 5.66 (1.23–29.04)2°tertile and 4.29 (0.9–20.45)3°tertile |
| South Korea, general population (Kim, 2001)76
|
Case–control |
Sensitisation to D.P.
Rhinitis or asthma symptoms |
HLA‐DRB1: 1,15,16,3,4,11,12,13,14,7,8,9,10
(6p21,3) |
House dust mite (Dermatiphagoides pteronyssinus) |
178/99 |
DRB1*07: OR = 4.43 (1.14–17.16)
DRB1*04: OR = 0.46 (0.34–0.63)
No significant results for the other genotypes |
| UK, children (Simpson, 2006)59
|
Cohort |
Atopy
Allergic sensitisation
Wheeze
Eczema |
CD14:T‐159C (5q31) |
Home dust endotoxin (HDE) |
442 |
No significant results for TT and CT genotypes
Allergic sensitisation decreased with endotoxin load among CC carriers. OR = 0.70 (0.55–0.89) p = 0.004
Eczema decreased with endotoxin load among CC carriers. OR = 0.73 (0.56–0.95) p = 0.02
Non‐atopic wheeze increased with endotoxin load among CC carriers. OR = 1.42 (1.01–1.99) p = 0.04 |
| Barbados, African descent (Zambelli‐Weiner, 2005)58
|
Family based case–control |
Current asthma
Allergic sensitisation
Pulmonary function |
CD14: C‐260T;G‐1461T;C‐1721T
(5q31) |
Home dust endotoxin (HDE) |
293/454 |
No significant results for G‐1461T and C‐1721T
Low HDE CD14‐260 TT vs CC/CT: OR = 0.09 [0.03–0.27]
High HDE CD14‐260 TT vs CC/CT: OR = 11.66 [1.03–131.7] |
| Taiwan, asthmatic children families (Wang, 2006)77
|
Family based |
Asthma
IgE levels |
IL‐9: GT short tandem repeats (5q31.1) |
House dust (HD)
Pets |
460 subjects of 123 families with asthmatic proband |
Obtained with transmission disequilibrium test (TDT)
Allele 122:
OR = 2.20 (p = 0.03) to asthma with specific IgE against house dust
OR = 3.30 (p = 0.047) to asthma with exposure to fur of pets |
