Table 2 Number of observed deaths and standardised mortality ratios (SMRs) with 95% confidence intervals among male German Carbon Black workers between 1976 and 1998 by cause of death.
| Cause of death | ICD‐9 | Deaths | Expected | SMR | 95% CI |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| All causes* | 1–999 | 332 | 275.5 | 120 | 108–134 |
| Infectious and parasitic diseases | 1–139 | 4 | 0.5 | 840 | 229–2152 |
| Cancer | |||||
| Lip, oral cavity, or pharynx | 140–149 | 2 | 3.1 | 65 | 8–233 |
| Digestive organs or peritoneum | 150–159 | 25 | 25.7 | 97 | 63–144 |
| Oesophagus | 150 | 3 | 2.5 | 121 | 25–354 |
| Stomach | 151 | 5 | 6.6 | 76 | 25–177 |
| Colon | 153 | 7 | 5.9 | 119 | 48–245 |
| Rectum | 154 | 2 | 3.3 | 61 | 7–221 |
| Liver and intrahepatic bile ducts | 155 | 3 | 1.1 | 271 | 56–791 |
| Pancreas | 157 | 5 | 3.8 | 130 | 42–304 |
| Respiratory and intrathoracic organs | 160–165 | 51 | 25.0 | 204 | 152–268 |
| Larynx | 161 | 0 | 1.3 | 0 | 0–282 |
| Trachea or bronchus or lung | 162 | 50 | 23.0 | 218 | 161–287 |
| Pleura | 163 | 0 | 0.5 | 0 | 0–714 |
| Thymus, heart, and mediastinum | 164 | 1 | 0.1 | 827 | 21–4608 |
| Bone, connective tissue, skin | 170–175 | 2 | 1.7 | 116 | 14–420 |
| Male genitourinary organs | 185–189 | 8 | 11.3 | 71 | 31–140 |
| Prostate | 185 | 4 | 5.4 | 74 | 20–189 |
| Bladder | 188 | 1 | 2.6 | 38 | 1–213 |
| Kidney/other/unspecified urinary organs | 189 | 3 | 2.9 | 104 | 22–305 |
| Cancer of other and unspecified sites | 190–199 | 8 | 6.5 | 122 | 53–241 |
| Lymphatic and haematoipoietic tissue | 200–208 | 4 | 5.0 | 79 | 22–203 |
| Lymphatic system | 200–203 | 2 | 2.8 | 72 | 9–259 |
| Leukaemia | 204–208 | 2 | 2.3 | 88 | 11–320 |
| Other neoplasms | 210–239 | 5 | 2.1 | 239 | 78–558 |
| Diabetes mellitus | 250 | 3 | 4.1 | 73 | 15–213 |
| Mental disorders | 290–319 | 1 | 4.8 | 21 | 1–117 |
| Nervous system and sense organs | 320–389 | 2 | 3.8 | 53 | 6–191 |
| Hypertensive disease | 401–405 | 2 | 2.6 | 76 | 9–275 |
| Heart diseases | 410–429 | 103 | 81.7 | 126 | 103–153 |
| Ischaemic heart disease | 410–414 | 75 | 59.9 | 125 | 98–157 |
| Other heart diseases | 415–429 | 28 | 21.8 | 129 | 85–186 |
| Cerebrovascular disease | 430–438 | 24 | 20.7 | 116 | 74–173 |
| Disease of the respiratory system | 466, 480–519 | 18 | 15.8 | 114 | 68–180 |
| Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease | 490–496 | 17 | 10.8 | 158 | 92–253 |
| Pneumoconiosis and other lung diseases | 500–508 | 1 | 0.7 | 153 | 4–853 |
| Disease of the digestive system | 520–579 | 24 | 19.1 | 126 | 81–187 |
| Chronic liver disease and cirrhosis | 571 | 14 | 12.5 | 112 | 61–187 |
| Injury and poisoning | 800–999 | 20 | 20.3 | 99 | 60–152 |
*Includes seven additional deaths with unknown cause of death.