TABLE 2.
Baseline sociodemographic, drug use and health care characteristics of STRIVE participants by trial arm
| Characteristic | Total % (n) | PMI % (n) | VDI % (n) | p-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Total n | 418 | 222 | 196 | |
| Site | ||||
| Baltimore | 47 (195) | 50 (111) | 43 (84) | 0.343 |
| New York | 29 (119) | 27 (59) | 31 (60) | |
| Seattle | 25 (104) | 23 (52) | 27 (52) | |
| Mean age (SD) | 26.6 (3.9) | 26.7 (3.9) | 26.4 (4.0) | 0.434 |
| Gender | ||||
| Male | 76 (316) | 76 (167) | 76 (149) | 0.971 |
| Female | 24 (98) | 24 (52) | 24 (46) | |
| Race/Ethnicity | ||||
| Black or African-American | 7 (28) | 7 (15) | 7 (13) | 0.843 |
| Hispanic/Latino | 27 (111) | 25 (56) | 28 (55) | |
| White | 57 (237) | 57 (126) | 57 (111) | |
| Other (Asian, American- Indian, Mixed, Other) | 10 (42) | 11 (25) | 9 (17) | |
| Highest level of education completed | ||||
| Less than high school | 45 (185) | 46 (101) | 43 (84) | 0.534 |
| High school graduate or higher | 55 (229) | 54 (118) | 57 (111) | |
| Source of regular income during last 6 months | ||||
| Legal source | 68 (282) | 69 (151) | 68 (131) | 0.547 |
| Illegal source | 25 (103) | 23 (51) | 27 (52) | |
| Other | 7 (28) | 8 (17) | 6 (11) | |
| Homeless during last 6 month months | ||||
| No | 55 (229) | 58 (128) | 52 (101) | 0.244 |
| Yes | 44 (184) | 42 (91) | 48 (93) | |
| Ever spent time in jail, prison, or juvenile detention | ||||
| No | 21 (87) | 22 (49) | 20 (38) | 0.472 |
| Yes | 79 (327) | 78 (170) | 81 (157) | |
| Frequency of alcohol use in last 3 months | ||||
| None | 30 (125) | 31 (68) | 29 (57) | 0.874 |
| Daily (everyday) | 10 (40) | 11 (23) | 9 (17) | |
| Weekly (1–6 days/week) | 32 (132) | 31 (67) | 34 (65) | |
| Monthly (1–3 days/month) | 28 (116 | 28 (61) | 28 (55) | |
| Drug injected most often during last 3 months | ||||
| Heroin alone | 61 (244) | 61 (130) | 61 (114) | 0.982 |
| Heroin and cocaine | 29 (114) | 29 (61) | 28 (53) | |
| Crack/Cocaine | 7 (28) | 7 (14) | 7 (14) | |
| Other | 4 (14) | 3 (7) | 4 (7) | |
| Distributive needle sharing in last 3 months | ||||
| Did not share an injection needle with someone else | 49 (174) | 47 (89) | 50 (85) | 0.654 |
| Shared an injection needle | 52 (185) | 53 (99) | 50 (86) | |
| Shared a cooker in the last 3 months | ||||
| No | 29 (114) | 29 (62) | 28 (52) | 0.751 |
| Yes | 71 (285) | 71 (150) | 72 (135) | |
| Shared cottons in the last 3 months | ||||
| No | 34 (135) | 35 (75) | 32 (60) | 0.488 |
| Yes | 66 (264) | 65 (137) | 68 (127) | |
| Shared rinse water in the last 3 months | ||||
| No | 34 (135) | 34 (71) | 34 (64) | 0.961 |
| Yes | 66 (263) | 66 (139) | 66 (124) | |
| Backloaded in the last 3 months | ||||
| No | 38 (121) | 37 (61) | 39 (60) | 0.683 |
| Yes | 62 (199) | 63 (105) | 61 (94) | |
| Received treatment for alcohol use in last 6 months | ||||
| No | 60 (93) | 61 (44) | 60 (49) | 0.864 |
| Yes | 40 (61) | 39 (28) | 40 (33) | |
| Participated in drug treatment in last 3 months | ||||
| No | 35 (131) | 37 (73) | 34 (58) | 0.576 |
| Yes | 65 (241) | 63 (127) | 66 (114) | |
| Length of time known to be HCV positive | ||||
| Less than 1 year | 48 (179) | 44 (87) | 52 (92) | 0.145 |
| One or more years | 52 (196) | 56 (110) | 48 (86) | |
| Received first positive HCV test from | ||||
| Research study | 55 (220) | 53 (111) | 55 (109) | 0.863 |
| Needle exchange/drug treatment program | 16 (63) | 17 (35) | 15 (28) | |
| Private doctor/hospital/health department | 18 (72) | 19 (39) | 17 (33) | |
| Jail, prison, juvenile detention center | 12 (46) | 12 (25) | 11 (21) | |
| Health-insurance status | ||||
| Not insured | 29 (123) | 30 (66) | 29 (57) | 0.203 |
| Insured | 32 (134) | 28( 63) | 36 (71) | |
| Don’t know | 11 (47) | 11 (24) | 12 (23) | |
| Refused to answer | 27 (114) | 31 (69) | 23 (45) | |
| Main source for medical care | ||||
| Emergency room | 40 (155) | 38 (77) | 42 (78) | 0.335 |
| Private doctor | 22 (83) | 19 (39) | 24 (44) | |
| Health department or other clinic | 28 (106) | 29 (59) | 25 (47) | |
| Nowhere | 11 (42) | 13 (26) | 9 (16) | |