Figure 9. Transgene product–specific CD8⁺ T cells induced by rAAV immunization express markers indicative of exhaustion.

Groups of BALB/c mice were immunized with 10¹¹ gc rAAV2/7gag or 10¹⁰ vp AdC68gag; a third group of mice was immunized with rAAV2/7gag and 1 month later boosted with AdC68gag. At days 10, 21, 37, 60, and 80 after the single immunization or after the booster immunization, splenocytes were stained with antibodies to BTLA (A), CTLA-4 (B), granzyme B (C), or PD-1 (D). Histograms show the expression of these markers on gag-tet⁺CD8⁺CD44⁺ cells (open) and gag-tet^–CD8⁺CD44^– cells (filled). Differences in negative samples were caused by differences in machine settings.