Table 1 Description of the study population, men only.

	Cases		Controls
	n = 2205	%	n = 2305	%
Country
Czech Republic	235	10.7	323	14.0
Hungary	315	14.3	266	11.5
Poland	557	25.3	581	25.2
Romania	141	6.4	169	7.3
Russia	521	23.6	521	22.6
Slovakia	288	13.1	294	12.8
UK	148	6.7	151	6.6
Age (years)
<45	94	4.3	119	5.2
45–54	455	20.6	510	22.1
55–64	829	37.6	777	33.7
65–74	762	34.6	799	34.7
>75	65	3.0	100	4.3
Tobacco consumption
Never smoker	48	2.2	534	23.2
Ex‐smoker	494	22.4	842	36.5
Current smoker <20 pack‐years	132	5.6	196	8.5
Current smoker 20–39 pack‐years	758	34.4	450	19.3
Current smoker >40 pack‐years	773	35.4	283	12.5