Table 1.
Characteristics of the study population according to mode of delivery. Figures are numbers (percentages)
| Vaginal delivery (n=62 486) | Caesarean delivery | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| Elective (n=13 208) | Intrapartum (n=18 613) | ||
| Marital status (single) | 14 539 (23.4) | 2290 (17.4) | 3338 (18.0) |
| Maternal age ≤16 years | 2983 (4.8) | 295 (2.2) | 790 (4.3) |
| Maternal age ≥35 years | 5490 (8.8) | 2281 (17.3) | 2214 (11.9) |
| <7 years of education | 16 433 (27.6) | 2653 (21.6) | 4292 (24.3) |
| Primigravida | 21 509 (34.5) | 3518 (26.6) | 7439 (40.0) |
| Primiparous | 25 730 (41.2) | 4247 (32.2) | 9137 (49.2) |
| Previous pregnancy | |||
| Low birth weight (<2500 g) | 2060 (3.8) | 641 (5.5) | 584 (3.7) |
| High birth weight (≥4500 g) | 243 (0.5) | 117 (1.0) | 78 (0.5) |
| Neonatal death or stillbirth | 618 (1.0) | 242 (1.9) | 263 (1.4) |
| Fistula or uterus/cervix surgery | 2016 (3.3) | 2738 (21.0) | 2217 (12.0) |
| Caesarean delivery | 2084 (3.4) | 6046 (46.1) | 4571 (24.7) |
| Current pregnancy | |||
| Any pathology before index pregnancy* | 2421 (3.9) | 1180 (9.0) | 960 (5.2) |
| Any pathology during current pregnancy† | 18 407 (29.6) | 5264 (40.2) | 7606 (41.2) |
| Gestational hypertension, pre-eclampsia, or eclampsia | 3466 (5.6) | 2475 (18.9) | 2459 (13.3) |
| Vaginal bleeding in second half of pregnancy | 1145 (1.8) | 486 (3.7) | 676 (3.7) |
| Urinary tract infection | 9071 (14.6) | 2123 (16.2) | 2916 (15.8) |
| Genital warts | 206 (0.3) | 112 (0.9) | 127 (0.7) |
| Suspected intrauterine growth restriction | 641 (1.0) | 337 (2.6) | 230 (1.3) |
| Any other medical condition | 5313 (8.6) | 1710 (13.1) | 2179 (11.8) |
| Rupture of membranes before labour | 7270 (11.7) | 1097 (8.4) | 2789 (15.1) |
| Any antenatal antibiotic treatment | 10 898 (17.5) | 2741 (20.9) | 3697 (20.0) |
| Breech or other non-cephalic presentation | 547 (0.9) | 1874 (14.2) | 2044 (11.0) |
| Referred for complication related to pregnancy or delivery | 19 615 (31.4) | 5654 (42.8) | 7060 (37.9) |
| Induced labour | 7778 (12.5) | — | 3222 (17.3) |
*Presence of at least one of: HIV, chronic hypertension, cardiac or renal diseases, chronic respiratory conditions, diabetes mellitus, malaria, sickle cell anaemia, or severe anaemia.
†Presence of at least one of: rupture of membranes before labour, pregnancy induced hypertension, eclampsia, vaginal bleeding in second half of pregnancy, pyelonephritis or urinary infection, any genital ulcer disease, or genital warts.