TABLE 3—

Random Effects Variances From the Mixed Models for the Effect of Covariates on the Odds of Experiencing Financial Stress Among Ever Smokers (N = 5699): Waves 1–4, the Household and Labour Dynamics in Australia Survey , 2002–2005

	Model 1, variance (SE)a	P	Model 2, variance (SE)b	P	Model 3, variance (SE)c	P
Collection district-level intercept (SE)	0.147 (0.024)	< .001	0.115 (0.023)	< .001	0.119 (0.023)	< .001
Participant-level intercept (SE)	1.917 (0.051)	< .001	1.970 (0.055)	< .001	2.534 (0.194)	< .001
Measurement occasion–level variance (SE)	0.476 (0.006)	< .001	0.523 (0.007)	< .001	0.472 (0.008)	< .001
Measurement occasion–level slopes
Time					0.137 (0.016)	< .001
Occupationd					0.119 (0.023)	< .005
Blue collar					−0.029 (0.262)
White collar					1.109 (0.332)
Professional					0.275 (0.269)

^aModel 1 included all occasion-level covariates, and the intercept (i.e., adjusted proportion of smokers experiencing financial stress or mean of material well-being) varied by participant and collection district.

^bModel 2 added participant-level covariates to model 1.

^cModel 3 built on model 2, because the effect of occasion-level covariates varied by participant (i.e., we allowed for level-2 random slopes). The full model included the slopes for which there was moderate evidence (P < .01) that they varied by participant.

^dBlue-collar workers included people in trades, production and transport, and laborers; white-collar workers were clerical, service, and sales people; professionals were defined as managers, administrators, and associated professionals.