Table 4.
Baseline characteristics in subjects with high or low leptin levels with reference to baseline level of adiposity
| Low leptin | High leptin | P | |
| Plasma fasting insulin (pmol l-1) | |||
| Adult men | 22 ± 16 | 29 ± 17 | 0.0005 |
| Adult women | 23 ± 14 | 27 ± 17 | 0.03 |
| Boys | 31 ± 17 | 38 ± 22 | 0.01 |
| Girls | 35 ± 19 | 42 ± 23 | 0.04 |
| HOMAIR | |||
| Adult men | 0.79 ± 0.66 | 1.12 ± 0.71 | <0.0001 |
| Adult women | 0.82 ± 0.58 | 0.96 ± 0.67 | 0.03 |
| Boys | 1.1 ± 0.68 | 1.4 ± 0.92 | 0.01 |
| Girls | 1.23 ± 0.69 | 1.5 ± 0.91 | 0.06 |
| Energy intake (MJ day-1) | |||
| Adult men | 13.2 ± 3.8 | 13.4 ± 4.8 | 0.84 |
| Adult women | 10.5 ± 3.3 | 10.4 ± 3.3 | 0.76 |
| Boys | 13.7 ± 5.9 | 12.8 ± 5.4 | 0.25 |
| Girls | 10.5 ± 4.2 | 10.2 ± 3.7 | 0.61 |
| Steps (10-3 wk-1) | |||
| Adult men | 61.7±23.4 | 52.4±2.5 | 0.005 |
| Adult women | 50.0±18.7 | 50.3±19.8 | 0.91 |
| Boys | 64.2± 31.8 | 63.7±25.1 | 0.89 |
| Girls | 54.7±21.4 | 51.6±18.9 | 0.30 |
| Leisure time physical activity (h wk-1) | |||
| Adult men | 4.6±4.3 | 5.4±7.2 | 0.34 |
| Adult women | 3.2±3.6 | 3.5±5.0 | 0.58 |
| Boys | 8.2±6.8 | 5.9±4.5 | 0.002 |
| Girls | 4.8±4.1 | 3.2±2.7 | 0.002 |
Low and high leptin levels were determined by a median split of the residuals from a linear model estimating mean baseline level of leptin according to the SSK, WC and HC, BIA % fat, age and pubertal stage at baseline. The model included a nuclear family variable as a random effect.
Data shown as ± s.d.