Table 1.

Effect of hand and target visibility on the kinematic parameters of reach-to-grasp movements

	Target		Hand		Direction
	Visible	Not-visible	Visible	Not-visible	Front	Left
Transport time (ms)	1,257 (115)	1,441** (136)	1,316 (121)	1,382* (127)	1,351 (132)	1,347 (116)
Transport length (mm)	285 (7)	282 (6)	284 (7)	284 (7)	265 (8)	303** (6)
Peak velocity (mm/s)	571 (48)	542* (49)	560 (50)	553 (47)	521 (47)	592** (49)
Amplitude of peak aperture (mm)	64 (5)	77** (5)	65 (4)	77** (5)	73 (5)	68** (4)
Aperture opening time (ms)	777 (78)	786 (88)	779 (79)	784 (87)	761 (83)	802* (83)
Aperture closure time (ms)	480 (63)	654** (70)	536 (67)	597* (64)	589 (71)	544* (58)
Aperture opening distance (mm)	236 (7)	225* (6)	231 (8)	230 (4)	211 (6)	250* (7)
Aperture closure distance (mm)	49 (7)	57* (5)	52 (7)	54 (5)	53 (5)	53 (6)

Values are mean (SE)

df = 1, 9

^*P < 0.05

^**P < 0.01