Table 1.
Mean (SEM) salivary cortisol concentration (μg/dL) and alpha-amylase activity (U/ml)), systolic and diastolic blood pressure (BP; mm Hg), heart rate (beats per minute), and distress scores at predetermined time points before and after the social stressor or the control condition.
| Measures | Conditions | Baseline∧ | T +11 min
After speech preparation |
T +16 min
During stress |
T +23 min
Immediately after stress |
T +32 min
10 min after stress |
T +41 min
Before startle habituation |
T +51 min
During dark/light startle test |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cortisol | No stress | .20 (.03) | - | - | .18 (.03) | .15 (.02) | .13 (.02) | - |
| Stress | .22 (.03) | .21 (.02) | .22 (.03)# | .18 (.02)# | ||||
|
| ||||||||
| Alpha-amylase | No stress | 8.2 (.8) | - | - | 8.3 (.9) | 8.0 (.8) | 7.9 (.8) | - |
| Stress | 8.0 (.7) | 11.6 (1.0)* | 8.3 (.6) | 8.1 (.7) | ||||
|
| ||||||||
| Systolic BP | No stress | 112.7 (3.6) | - | - | 108.9 (3.7) | 111.6 (3.1) | 110.6 (3.4) | - |
| Stress | 113.8 (3.9) | 136.2 (3.1)* | 116.8 (4.5) | 114.2 (4.4) | ||||
|
| ||||||||
| Diastolic BP | No stress | 68.6 (2.1) | - | - | 69.0 (2.2) | 68.9 (2.5) | 69.9 (1.9) | - |
| Stress | 68.0 (2.4) | 86.6 (2.1)* | 70.5 (2.2) | 69.4 (2.3) | ||||
|
| ||||||||
| Distress | No stress | 1.3 (.3) | 1.4 (.3) | - | 1.4 (.3) | - | - | - |
| Stress | 1.3 (.3) | 4.0 (.5)* | 3.7 (.5)* | |||||
|
| ||||||||
| Heart rate | No stress | 73.7 (2.8) | - | 72.8 (2.8) | - | - | - | 68.1 (2.4) |
| Stress | 74.3 (2) | 93 (3.1)* | 71.8 (1.8) | |||||
#
p<.07
*
p<.001
∧
Baseline taken at T-2 min for cortisol, alpha-amylase, BP, distress, and at T-10 min for heart rate