Table 1.
Mean ± SEM values for GRFs measured in 16-week-old puppies with moderate to severe CFJ laxity and that were trotted at a velocity of 1.99 ± 0.05 m/s.
| Variable | Limb | Left | Right | P | δ (%) | SI |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Stance time (ms) | F | 217 ± 4.4 | 215 ± 3.6 | 0.72 | 5.18 | 1.00 |
| H | 194 ± 5.1 | 199 ± 4.0 | 0.46 | 6.50 | 0.97 | |
| PFx (% bw) | F | 0.894 ± 0.265 | 1.12 ± 0.29 | 0.56 | 76.7 | 0.17 |
| H | 1.62 ± 0.27 | 1.65 ± 0.30 | 0.94 | 48.1 | 1.29 | |
| IMPx (% bw·s) | F | 0.085 ± 0.028 | 0.091 ± 0.030 | 0.89 | 92.3 | 0.10 |
| H | 0.141 ± 0.200 | 0.147 ± 0.031 | 0.89 | 225 | 0.77 | |
| PFyB (% bw) | F | −20.4 ± 1.2 | −19.8 ± 1.2 | 0.72 | 16.5 | 1.46 |
| H | −7.06 ± 0.72 | −7.91 ± 0.84 | 0.45 | 29.3 | 1.69 | |
| IMPyB (% bw·s) | F | −1.9 ± 0.3 | −1.5 ± 0.2 | 0.21 | 38.3 | 1.23 |
| H | −0.704 ± 0.500 | −0.694 ± 0.449 | 0.98 | 190 | 1.74 | |
| PFyP (% bw) | F | 16.4 ± 11.0 | 5.72 ± 0.48 | 0.35 | 145 | 2.77 |
| H | 11.3 ± 0.82 | 38.7 ± 28.2 | 0.32 | 162 | 1.36 | |
| IMPyP (% bw·s) | F | 0.281 ± 0.031 | 0.269 ± 0.032 | 0.82 | 32.1 | 1.04 |
| H | 0.972 ± 0.071 | 0.944 ± 0.082 | 0.79 | 22.4 | 1.34 | |
| %B (% stance time) | F | 83.6 ± 2.4 | 82.6 ± 2.7 | 0.81 | 8.56 | 1.03 |
| H | 23.8 ± 4.0 | 24.2 ± 3.5 | 0.93 | 43.9 | 1.81 | |
| %P (% stance time) | F | 16.5 ± 2.4 | 17.4 ± 2.7 | 0.8 | 42.0 | 1.29 |
| H | 76.3 ± 4.0 | 75.8 ± 3.5 | 0.93 | 13.9 | 1.31 | |
| B:P | F | 10.8 ± 1.9 | 9.71 ± 1.84 | 0.69 | 51.1 | 2.17 |
| H | 0.756 ± 0.321 | 0.858 ± 0.316 | 0.82 | 111 | 1.91 | |
| PFz (% bw) | F | 111 ± 2.7 | 112 ± 2.3 | 0.57 | 6.32 | 1.01 |
| H | 79.8 ± 2.0 | 80.3 ± 1.9 | 0.85 | 6.90 | 1.02 | |
| IMPz (% bw·s) | F | 14.2 ± 0.31 | 14.4 ± 0.33 | 0.69 | 6.21 | 0.99 |
| H | 13.4 ± 4.6 | 8.98 ± 0.24 | 0.34 | 60.6 | 1.56 | |
| LI (% stance time) | F | 53 ± 0.86 | 53.1 ± 0.55 | 0.91 | 3.72 | 1.00 |
| H | 38.9 ± 0.78 | 37.7 ± 0.73 | 0.26 | 5.52 | 1.38 | |
| ML (% bw/s) | F | 1.43 ± 0.06 | 1.44 ± 0.05 | 0.95 | 10.7 | 1.05 |
| H | 1.58 ± 0.06 | 1.61 ± 0.03 | 0.79 | 6.85 | 1.05 | |
| Lmax (% bw/s) | F | 3.05 ± 0.12 | 3.00 ± 0.12 | 0.75 | 10.8 | 1.05 |
| H | 2.5 ± 0.12 | 2.5 ± 0.14 | 0.97 | 14.5 | 1.08 | |
| MU (% bw/s) | F | −1.54 ± 0.06 | −1.63 ± 0.06 | 0.3 | 10.1 | 1.00 |
| H | −0.995 ± 0.035 | −0.971 ± 0.032 | 0.62 | 9.58 | 1.08 | |
| Umax (% bw/s) | F | −2.1 ± −0.11 | −2.05 ± 0.11 | 0.81 | 0.324 | 1.04 |
| H | −1.7 ± −0.06 | −1.63 ± 0.06 | 0.37 | 0.202 | 1.10 | |
| Distribution (% bw) | F | 29.6 ± 0.79 | 29.1 ± 0.38 | 0.63 | 5.58 | 1.01 |
| H | 21.4 ± 0.56 | 20.9 ± 0.35 | 0.39 | 6.03 | 1.02 |
δ
= Differences between populations necessary for significance at power = 0.8. PF = Peak force. bw = Body weight. IMP = Impulse area. B = Breaking. P = Propulsion. x, y, and z = Planes of evaluated ground reaction forces. LI = Loading interval. ML = Mean loading rate. Lmax = Maximum loading rate. MU = Mean unloading rate. Umax = Maximum unloading rate. F = Forelimb. H = Hind limb.