TABLE 4.
Etiology of community-acquired pneumonia requiring admission to an intensive care unit (ICU)
| Etiology (% of total) | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Reference | Location | Date | N | S pneum | L pneum | AGNRs | S aureus | Unknown | Ventilated | Mortality |
| 30 | Spain | 1988 to 1990 | 58 | 13 (37) | 8 (22.8) | 4 (11.4) | 39.6% | 72% | 22.4% | |
| 31 | United Kingdom (25 hospitals) | 1987 | 60 | 11 (18) | 7 (12) | 2 (3) | 30% | 88% | 48% | |
| 32* | France | 1987 to 1989 | 132 | 43 (32) | 4 (3) | 14 (11) | 5 (4) | 28% | 37% | 24% |
| 33 | Spain (26 ICUs) | 1991 to 1992 | 262 | 30 (11) | 21 (8) | 8 (3) | 10 (4) | 41.2% | NS | NS |
| 34 | Sweden | 1977 to 1981 | 53 | 15 (28) | 2 (4) | 25% | 58% | 25% | ||
| 35 | Seville, Spain | 1985 to 1987 | 67 | 12 (37.5) | 7 (21.8) | 8 (25) | 52.3% | 20.8% | ||
| 36* | Barcelona, Spain | 1984 to 1987 | 92 | 13 (14) | 13 (14) | 5 † (5) | 30% | 61% | 20% | |
| 37 | Lille, France | 1987 to 1991 | 299 | 80 (26.7) | 52 (17.3) | 57 (Staph species)(18) | 34.1% | 50% | 28.5% | |
| Total | 1023 | 217 (21) | 60 (5.8) | 91 (8.8) | 76 (7.4) | 35% | ||||
| 95% CI | 17 to 34 | 2.6 to 17.7 | 3.3 to 17.8 | -0.28 to 13.7 | 27.5 to 42.9 | |||||
*
Immunosuppressed patients excluded;
†
Five patients with Pseudomonas aeruginosa had bronchiectasis.
AGNRs Aerobic Gram-negative rods; L pneum Legionella pneumonphila; NS Not stated; S aureus Staphylococcus aureus; S pneum Streptococcus pneumoniae; Staph Staphylococcus