TABLE 2.

Structural and functional abnormalities of the genitourinary tract associated with complicated urinary infection

Obstruction	Ureteric or urethral strictures
	Tumours of the urinary tract
	Urolithiasis
	Prostatic hypertrophy
	Diverticulae
	Pelvicalyceal obstruction
	Renal cysts
	Congenital abnormalities
Instrumentation	Indwelling urethral catheter
	Intermittent catheterization
	Ureteric stent
	Nephrostomy tube
	Urological procedures
Impaired voiding	Neurogenic bladder
	Cystocele
	Vesicoureteral reflux
	Ileal conduit
Metabolic abnormalities	Nephrocalcinosis
	Medullary sponge kidney
	Renal failure
Immunocompromised	Renal transplant